Identifying factors promoting jaguar (Panthera onca) occupancy is crucial for planning effective conservation and management actions that can contribute to long-term population viability. We used camera-trapping and modeled factors affecting detection and occupancy for jaguars in Sonora at 149 sites during August–November 2008 and 2009. We measured 24 covariates presumed to affect detection (n = 6) and occupancy (n = 18) at camera sites, including sampling period and various habitat characteristics. We obtained 29 jaguar detections at 19 sites (naïve occupancy = 0.12) in 5455 trap-days of effort. Jaguar detectability (p = 0.16 ± 0.05) was negatively affected by human presence and varied by study year and sampling period. Jaguar occupancy (ψ = 0.30 ± 0.03) increased as prey richness, the abundance of calves of domestic cattle, and the proportion of subtropical vegetation increased. Jaguar occupancy was lower with increased abundance of adult cattle and peccary, and higher levels of fragmentation. Jaguar occupancy in Sonora was hence driven by a diverse combination of factors which should be considered when planning conservation actions. We suggest that managers mitigate the impact of livestock, especially on subtropical habitats, by employing appropriate fencing. Fencing may increase wildlife prey for jaguars, thereby reducing calf depredation by jaguars, while concurrently protecting habitat from overgrazing. Furthermore, providing financial support for ecotourism and compensation for depredation to offset potential jaguar impacts should be considered for jaguar conservation in Sonora.

中文翻译：

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北部山脉边缘美洲虎的占有率的决定因素

确定促进美洲虎（Panthera onca）占用的因素对于规划可以促进长期种群生存的有效保护和管理措施至关重要。在2008年8月至11月和2009年的149个站点中，我们使用了相机诱捕和建模因素来影响Sonora中美洲虎的检测和占用。我们测量了24个协变量，这些变量估计会影响 相机站点的检测（n  = 6）和占用（n = 18）。包括采样期和各种栖息地特征。在5455个工作日内，我们在19个站点（未使用率= 0.12）获得了29次美洲虎检测。捷豹探测性（p = 0.16±0.05）受人类存在的负面影响，并且因研究年份和采样时间而异。美洲虎入住率（ψ = 0.30±0.03）随着猎物丰富度，家牛犊牛数量的增加以及亚热带植被比例的增加而增加。随着成年牛和野猪数量的增加以及碎片化程度的提高，美洲虎的占用率更低。因此，索诺拉（Sonora）的美洲虎（Jaguar）居住是由多种因素共同驱动的，在规划保护措施时应考虑这些因素。我们建议管理人员通过采用适当的围栏减轻牲畜的影响，尤其是对亚热带生境的影响。围栏可以增加美洲虎的野生动物猎物，从而减少美洲虎对小牛的掠夺，同时保护栖息地免受过度放牧。此外，