Of the nearly 40 endemics present on Ulleung Island, Campanula takesimana Nakai represents an anagenetically derived lineage of a continental progenitor, C. punctata Lam. Other than its low morphological divergence, little is known about the genetic diversity and population structure of the species pair or the geographical origin of C. takesimana. We sampled a total of 240 accessions in 22 populations, including one Dokdo Island population, of the two species, sequenced four noncoding chloroplast regions (rps16-trnK, trnQ-rps16, psbD-trnT, and psbM-trnD; 4482 bp), and assessed the genetic consequences of anagenetic speciation. Based on chloroplast DNA, we found substantially lower genetic diversity statistics for C. takesimana compared to its progenitor, significant population genetic structuring in insular derivative species, and significant molecular divergence between C. punctata and C. takesimana. Mutually exclusive haplotypes were found in the two species, and the haplotype network suggested that Ulleung Island haplotypes were derived from the Dokdo Island haplotype, which was originally derived from a C. punctata population in Bonghwa-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do Province. This study pinpoints a very narrow geographical source area and suggests the potentially important role of Dokdo Island as an initial stepping stone for Ulleung Island endemics.

在Ulleung岛上存在的近40种地方病中，Campanula Takeimana Nakai代表了一个大陆祖先C. punctata Lam的非遗传学谱系。除了其形态学差异低外，对物种对的遗传多样性和种群结构或C. Takeimana的地理起源知之甚少。我们对这两个物种的22个种群（包括一个独岛岛种群）中的240个种质进行了采样，对四个非编码叶绿体区域（rps 16- trn K，trn Q- rps 16，psb D- trn T和psb M- trnD; （约4482 bp），并评估了抗肛门物种的遗传后果。基于叶绿体DNA，我们发现显着降低用于遗传多样性统计C. takesimana相比，其祖，在岛状衍生物物种显著群体遗传结构之间，并且显著分子发散C.点状和C. takesimana。在两个物种中发现互斥的单倍型，单倍型网络表明，Ulleung Island单倍型源自独岛岛的独岛，而独岛则最早来自C. punctata。庆尚北道奉化郡的人口 这项研究指出了非常狭窄的地理来源区域，并暗示了独岛作为乌勒龙岛地方性疾病的最初垫脚石的潜在重要作用。