Sustainable agriculture requires a reduction in the use of phosphate fertilizers, but this may affect root architecture and the uptake of other elements, such as zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe). We compared genotypic differences in root architectural traits and Zn and Fe uptake among 112 wheat genotypes treated with and without phosphorus (P) to screen genotypes for higher Zn and/or Fe concentrations. Larger differences were observed for both shoot Fe and shoot Zn concentrations in the − P treatment than the + P treatment. The − P treatment produced significantly lower SARN, SLRL, and TRL than the + P treatment. Heritability for Fe and Zn concentrations in both roots and shoots ranged from 38.3 to 60.8% in the + P treatment and 34.0–53.7% in the − P treatment. Principal component analysis indicated that PC1 mainly represented root architectural traits and PC2 mainly represented P, Zn, and Fe concentrations in shoots and roots, suggesting that different genetic mechanisms controlled root architectural traits and higher shoot Fe and Zn concentrations. Breeding new genotypes with higher shoot Fe and Zn concentrations has promise due to the high heritability of both shoot Fe concentrations and shoot Zn concentrations. The sizable genotypic differences identified in the − P treatment will enable further improvements in Zn and Fe uptake in wheat grown in reduced P conditions.

中文翻译：

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两种磷水平下不同小麦种质对锌和铁的吸收比较

可持续农业需要减少磷肥的使用，但这可能会影响根系结构和其他元素的吸收，例如锌 (Zn) 和铁 (Fe)。我们比较了用和不用磷 (P) 处理的 112 种小麦基因型在根结构性状和锌和铁吸收方面的基因型差异，以筛选具有较高锌和/或铁浓度的基因型。与+ P 处理相比，- P 处理中的枝条Fe 和枝条Zn 浓度的差异更大。- P 处理产生的 SARN、SLRL 和 TRL 显着低于 + P 处理。根和芽中 Fe 和 Zn 浓度的遗传力在 + P 处理中为 38.3% 至 60.8%，在 - P 处理中为 34.0-53.7%。主成分分析表明，PC1 主要代表根系结构性状，PC2 主要代表地上部和根中 P、Zn 和 Fe 浓度，表明不同的遗传机制控制了根系结构性状和较高的地上部 Fe 和 Zn 浓度。由于枝条 Fe 浓度和枝条 Zn 浓度的高遗传力，培育具有较高枝条 Fe 和 Zn 浓度的新基因型很有希望。- P 处理中确定的相当大的基因型差异将使在低磷条件下生长的小麦对锌和铁的吸收进一步改善。由于枝条 Fe 浓度和枝条 Zn 浓度的高遗传力，培育具有较高枝条 Fe 和 Zn 浓度的新基因型很有希望。- P 处理中确定的相当大的基因型差异将使在低磷条件下生长的小麦对锌和铁的吸收进一步改善。由于枝条 Fe 浓度和枝条 Zn 浓度的高遗传力，培育具有较高枝条 Fe 和 Zn 浓度的新基因型很有希望。- P 处理中确定的相当大的基因型差异将使在低磷条件下生长的小麦对锌和铁的吸收进一步改善。