Different zinc foils as anode current collectors by electrowinning in various electrolytes with additives were prepared, which were evaluated through X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), float charge, and Tafel curve tests. The effect of different cathode current collectors, electrolytes, and the as-prepared zinc foils as the anode on the coulombic efficiency and the cycling performance of aqueous batteries were investigated. The results indicate that the initial coulombic efficiency and discharge capacity of the battery with 1 mol/L ZnSO4 and 2 mol/L Li2SO4 are 94.31% and 105.7 mAh/g using graphite as the current collector, which are much higher than 68.20% and 71.0 mAh/g using conductive polyethylene, respectively, attributed to the smaller polarization and electrochemical transfer impedance (Rct) of the former. However, the capacity retention of the latter is much higher than that of the former, especially using the high-concentration-lithium-based hybrid electrolyte, of which it is up to 74.63% even after 500 cycles. Moreover, the cycling performance of a battery with as-prepared zinc foil adding thiourea and gelatin into electrolyte during electrowinning is much better than that without additives, which is due to the smaller corrosion rate and side reaction.

中文翻译：

---

具有不同集流体和电解质的混合阳离子水基可充电电池的电化学性能

通过在各种电解液中添加添加剂制备了不同的锌箔作为阳极集流体，并通过 X 射线衍射 (XRD)、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、浮充电和塔菲尔曲线测试对其进行了评估。研究了不同的正极集流体、电解质和作为负极的锌箔对库仑效率和水性电池循环性能的影响。结果表明，以石墨为集流体，1 mol/L ZnSO4和2 mol/L Li2SO4电池的初始库仑效率和放电容量分别为94.31%和105.7 mAh/g，远高于68.20%和71.0 mAh/g 使用导电聚乙烯，分别归因于前者较小的极化和电化学转移阻抗 (Rct)。然而，后者的容量保持率远高于前者，尤其是使用高浓度锂基混合电解液，500次循环后容量保持率高达74.63%。此外，电解沉积时在电解液中加入硫脲和明胶制备的锌箔电池的循环性能比没有添加剂的电池要好得多，这是由于较小的腐蚀速率和副反应。