Background. Drug-induced acute kidney injury (D-AKI) is increasingly common and can extend the hospital length of stay and increase mortality. This study is aimed at analyzing the clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with D-AKI and the associated risk factors in a multidrug environment. Methods. A retrospective study among hospitalized patients was conducted in July 2019 based on the Adverse Drug Events Active Surveillance and Assessment System-2 developed by the authors. Four controls were matched with each case according to the matching criteria. The risk factors for D-AKI were identified by binary multivariate logistic regression. Results. A total of 23,073 patients were hospitalized in July 2019, 21,131 of whom satisfied the inclusion criteria. The independent risk factors for D-AKI consisted of alcohol abuse (odds ratio (OR), 2.05; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04-4.07), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use (OR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.25-4.58), diuretic use (OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.42-4.92), prior anemia (OR, 4.10; 95% CI, 1.94-8.67), and prior chronic kidney disease (OR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.07-5.08). Conclusions. The occurrence of D-AKI in hospitalized patients had significant associations with alcohol abuse, combination therapy with NSAIDs or diuretics, and prior anemia or chronic kidney disease. Clinicians should meticulously follow patients with the above characteristics.

中文翻译：

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药物性急性肾损伤住院患者的临床特征及相关危险因素：病例对照研究

背景。药物性急性肾损伤 (D-AKI) 越来越普遍，可延长住院时间并增加死亡率。本研究旨在分析住院 D-AKI 患者的临床特征以及多药环境中的相关危险因素。方法。2019 年 7 月，基于作者开发的药物不良事件主动监测和评估系统-2，对住院患者进行了一项回顾性研究。根据匹配标准，每个病例匹配四个对照。通过二元多元逻辑回归确定 D-AKI 的危险因素。结果. 2019年7月共有23,073名患者住院，其中21,131人符合纳入标准。D-AKI 的独立危险因素包括酗酒（优势比（OR），2.05；95% 置信区间（CI），1.04-4.07），使用非甾体抗炎药（NSAID）（OR，2.39；95% CI，1.25-4.58），利尿剂使用（OR，2.64；95% CI，1.42-4.92），既往贫血（OR，4.10；95% CI，1.94-8.67）和既往慢性肾病（OR，2.33；95） % CI，1.07-5.08)。结论。住院患者中 D-AKI 的发生与酗酒、与非甾体抗炎药或利尿剂的联合治疗以及既往贫血或慢性肾病有显着相关性。临床医生应仔细跟踪具有上述特征的患者。