Tacr3/NK3R: Beyond Their Roles in Reproduction.,ACS Chemical Neuroscience

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Tacr3/NK3R: Beyond Their Roles in Reproduction.
ACS Chemical Neuroscience ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 , DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00421
Wen-Wen Zhang ₁ , Yanqing Wang ₁ , Yu-Xia Chu ₁

Affiliation

The Tacr3 gene encodes tachykinin receptor 3 (NK3R), which belongs to the tachykinin receptor family. This family of proteins includes typical G protein-coupled receptors and belongs to the rhodopsin subfamily. NK3R functions by binding to its high-affinity ligand, neurokinin B(NKB). The role of Tacr3/NK3R in growth and reproduction has been extensively studied, but Tacr3/NK3R is also widely expressed in the nervous system from the spinal cord to the brain and is involved in both physiological and pathological processes in the nervous system, including mood disorders, chronic pain, learning and memory deficiencies, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, addiction-related processes, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, body fluid management, neural development, and schizophrenia. Here, we summarize the structure of NK3R/NKB and its cellular signaling as well as the expression of Tacr3/NK3R in the nervous system, and we provide a comprehensive summary of the role of Tacr3/NK3R in neurological diseases, including reproduction-related disorders and other neurological diseases. At the end of this review, we propose the hypothesis that Tacr3/NK3R mediates a variety of brain functions by affecting the excitability of different neurons with specific functions. On the basis of this “excited or not” hypothesis, more studies related to Tacr3 should be carried out in other nervous system diseases in order to better understand the biological roles of Tacr3.

中文翻译：

Tacr3/NK3R：超越它们在繁殖中的作用。

Tacr3基因编码速激肽受体 3 (NK3R)，它属于速激肽受体家族。该蛋白质家族包括典型的 G 蛋白偶联受体，属于视紫红质亚家族。NK3R 通过与其高亲和力配体神经激肽 B(NKB) 结合发挥作用。Tacr3 /NK3R 在生长和繁殖中的作用已被广泛研究，但Tacr3/NK3R 还在从脊髓到大脑的神经系统中广泛表达，并参与神经系统的生理和病理过程，包括情绪障碍、慢性疼痛、学习和记忆缺陷、阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、成瘾相关过程、缺氧缺血性脑病、体液管理、神经发育和精神分裂症。在这里，我们总结了 NK3R/NKB 的结构及其细胞信号传导以及Tacr3 /NK3R 在神经系统中的表达，并全面总结了Tacr3 /NK3R 在包括生殖相关疾病在内的神经系统疾病中的作用和其他神经系统疾病。在这篇评论的最后，我们提出了Tacr3的假设/NK3R 通过影响具有特定功能的不同神经元的兴奋性来介导多种脑功能。基于这种“兴奋与否”假说，应该在其他神经系统疾病中开展更多与Tacr3相关的研究，以更好地了解Tacr3的生物学作用。

更新日期：2020-10-07

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