This work addresses the production of aerosol particles from bursting of air bubbles at the water-air interface. Experiments were performed in a laboratory system designed to minimize bubble interactions. Air bubbles of an equivalent spherical radius of ∼3 mm were generated in both real and artificial seawater at temperatures of 0 and 19 °C respectively. Particle concentrations were measured and used to derive particle production per bursting bubble. The particle production in surface seawater from the Bay of Aarhus showed remarkably strong sensitivity to temperature, with ∼40 particles per bursting bubble at 19 °C compared to ∼2300 particles per bubble at 0 °C. A similar effect was observed for bubbles bursting in NaCl solutions. In contrast, the effect of temperature on particle production from artificial seawater was minimal. Further experiments including exclusion of selected inorganic components from artificial seawater point to magnesium and calcium ions as key role players on the effect of temperature. Experiments adding varying amounts of the weak surfactant succinic acid to sodium chloride solutions showed that the influence of temperature on particle production can also be modulated by organic molecules. A complex interplay between inorganic and organic constituents seems to determine the response of particle production to temperature in real seawater. Our study demonstrates that temperature can have a very large (orders of magnitude) effect on the production of particles formed from bubbles bursting at the liquid/air interface, and that chemical composition of the liquid is a controlling parameter for the magnitude of this effect.

这项工作解决了由于水-空气界面处的气泡破裂而产生的气溶胶颗粒的问题。实验是在旨在最小化气泡相互作用的实验室系统中进行的。在真实和人造海水中，分别在0和19°C的温度下产生的等效球面半径约为3 mm的气泡。测量颗粒浓度并用于得出每个破裂气泡的颗粒产量。来自奥胡斯湾的表层海水中的颗粒物表现出对温度的强烈敏感性，在19°C时每个破裂的气泡约40个颗粒，而在0°C时每个气泡约2300个颗粒。对于NaCl溶液中的气泡破裂，也观察到了类似的效果。相反，温度对从人造海水中产生的颗粒的影响很小。进一步的实验包括将选定的无机成分从人造海水中排除，镁和钙离子作为温度影响的关键角色。将不同数量的弱表面活性剂琥珀酸添加到氯化钠溶液中的实验表明，温度对颗粒产生的影响也可以通过有机分子来调节。无机和有机成分之间的复杂相互作用似乎决定了真实海水中颗粒产生对温度的响应。我们的研究表明，温度可能会对在液/气界面处破裂的气泡形成的颗粒产生非常大（数量级）的影响，并且液体的化学成分是影响这种程度的控制参数。