Our previous study showed that intrauterine‐infused lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can be translocated to the mammary gland to induce weak inflammation. This study aimed to determine whether dexamethasone treatment facilitated the translocation of LPS from the uterus to the mammary gland to induce a heavy inflammatory response. Sixteen goats were divided into control and LPS groups, subjected to daily dexamethasone administration before saline or LPS infusion. Milk and blood samples were collected before and after LPS infusion to determine the milk yield and somatic cell count (SCC) and blood leucocyte count (BLC), cytokines, antimicrobial peptides and serum amyloid A (SAA) concentrations. Mammary gland tissues were collected from two goats before and 24 hr after LPS infusion for immunohistochemical analysis of LPS. The mean SCC in the LPS group was significantly higher, whereas the milk yield was significantly lower than that in the control group after LPS infusion. The mean BLC in the LPS group was significantly lower than in the control group after LPS infusion. Furthermore, milk concentrations of IL‐1β, S100A8 and lactoferrin were higher in the LPS group than in the control group after infusion. LPS was detected in the connective tissues and inner alveolar spaces of the mammary glands 24 hr after LPS infusion. We concluded that dexamethasone administration facilitated the translocation of intrauterine‐infused LPS to the mammary gland, where it induced an inflammatory response. Therefore, LPS translocated from other organs, such as the uterus, can induce heavy inflammation in the mammary gland under immunosuppressive conditions.

中文翻译：

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在地塞米松治疗的山羊中，宫腔内注入的细菌脂多糖易位至乳腺。

我们以前的研究表明，宫腔内注入的脂多糖（LPS）可以转移到乳腺中，以诱导弱炎症。这项研究旨在确定地塞米松治疗是否促进了LPS从子宫向乳腺的移位，从而引起了强烈的炎症反应。将16只山羊分为对照组和LPS组，在输注盐水或LPS之前每天进行地塞米松给药。在输注LPS之前和之后收集牛奶和血液样本，以确定牛奶产量和体细胞计数（SCC）和血白细胞计数（BLC），细胞因子，抗菌肽和血清淀粉样蛋白A（SAA）浓度。在LPS输注之前和之后24小时，从两只山羊收集乳腺组织，用于LPS的免疫组织化学分析。LPS组的平均SCC显着较高，而LPS输注后的牛奶产量显着低于对照组。输注LPS后，LPS组的平均BLC显着低于对照组。此外，输注后LPS组的牛奶中IL-1β，S100A8和乳铁蛋白的浓度高于对照组。LPS输注后24小时，在乳腺的结缔组织和内部牙槽腔中检测到LPS。我们得出的结论是，地塞米松的给药促进了子宫内注入的LPS向乳腺的易位，在乳腺中引起了炎症反应。因此，在免疫抑制条件下，从其他器官（例如子宫）移位的LPS可以在乳腺中引起严重的炎症。LPS输注后的产奶量明显低于对照组。输注LPS后，LPS组的平均BLC显着低于对照组。此外，输注后LPS组的牛奶中IL-1β，S100A8和乳铁蛋白的浓度高于对照组。LPS输注后24小时，在乳腺的结缔组织和内部牙槽腔中检测到LPS。我们得出的结论是，地塞米松的给药促进了子宫内注入的LPS向乳腺的易位，在乳腺中引起了炎症反应。因此，在免疫抑制条件下，从其他器官（例如子宫）移位的LPS可以在乳腺中引起严重的炎症。LPS输注后的产奶量明显低于对照组。输注LPS后，LPS组的平均BLC显着低于对照组。此外，输注后LPS组的牛奶中IL-1β，S100A8和乳铁蛋白的浓度高于对照组。LPS输注后24小时，在乳腺的结缔组织和内部牙槽腔中检测到LPS。我们得出的结论是，地塞米松的给药促进了子宫内注入的LPS向乳腺的易位，在乳腺中引起了炎症反应。因此，在免疫抑制条件下，从其他器官（例如子宫）移位的LPS可以在乳腺中引起严重的炎症。