Contamination of soils with organic pollutants is an increasing global problem, so novel soil remediation techniques are urgently needed. One such technique is electrokinetic remediation, in which an electric field is applied over the soil to extract contaminants. Previous evaluations of the technique have been limited to a few specific compounds. In this study, we integrated the latest advances in high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) to identify molecular fingerprints, and used the results to improve the mechanistic understanding necessary for successful remediation. A laboratory-scale 0.38 mA cm⁻² electrodialytic treatment was applied for 21 days to a contaminated soil from a firefighter training facility in Sweden. Non-target analysis allowed generic evaluation of changes in the soil organic fraction by tentatively determining the elemental composition of compounds present. The results showed that smaller oxygen-rich molecules were significantly transported to the anode by electromigration, while larger hydrogen-saturated molecules were transported to the cathode by electroosmotic flow. Wide suspect screening with >3000 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) tentatively identified seven new PFASs in the test soil, including perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid (PFHpS), and PFASs with butoxy, ethoxy, ethanol, and ethylcyclohexanesulfonate functional groups.

土壤被有机污染物污染是一个日益严重的全球性问题，因此迫切需要新颖的土壤修复技术。一种这样的技术是电动修复，其中在土壤上施加电场以提取污染物。先前对该技术的评估仅限于一些特定的化合物。在这项研究中，我们综合了高分辨率质谱（HRMS）的最新进展以鉴定分子指纹，并使用结果改善了成功补救所必需的机械理解。实验室规模0.38 mA cm ^-2从瑞典的消防员培训机构对污染的土壤进行了电渗析处理21天。非目标分析通过初步确定存在的化合物的元素组成，可以对土壤有机组分的变化进行一般性评估。结果表明，较小的富氧分子通过电迁移显着转移到阳极，而较大的氢饱和分子通过电渗流转移到阴极。初步用> 3000种全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）进行了广泛的可疑筛查，初步确定了测试土壤中的7种新PFAS，包括全氟庚磺酸（PFHpS）以及具有丁氧基，乙氧基，乙醇和环己烷磺酸乙酯官能团的PFAS。