Yield components of potato are largely affected by the physiology age of the tuber seeds at planting. The current study focuses on monitoring seed tuber aging in two CN1 and CN2 somatic hybrid lines and Spunta (Sp) variety during 270 days of storage at 4 °C. Aging rate was monitored based on sprouting, emergence and tissue oxidation rates. Investigation of sprouting parameters such as physiological age index (PAI) considering physiological and chronological age and the incubation period (IP) indicated lower physiological age in hybrids than in Sp during the storage. Moreover, these analyses showed that off-seasonal growing conditions increased the aging, more clearly, in Sp tubers than in hybrid ones. However, dormancy periods (endodormancy and after storage dormancy) were equivalent in the different tuber lots. PAI and IP data when combined with those from emergence parameters (duration until emergence and stem number) seem more efficient for the characterization of the different potato lines. However, emergence indicators, when considered separately, were not able to distinguish clearly between seasonal and off-seasonal tubers. Data suggest that hybrid seeds exhibited high performances since they produced higher stem number per plant than Sp. The high aging rate in Sp tubers seems to be associated with the few developed stems. Biochemical analyses supported in part morphophysiological differences between hybrids and Sp seeds although these indicators seem more sensitive to aging. Indeed data showed that the dormancy break, and then, the development were associated with some level of tissue oxidation. Antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and carotenoids seem more enhanced after the release of dormancy. However, induction of these activities started earlier in off-seasonal tubers than in seasonal ones, this was consistent with their advanced aging level revealed by PAI and IP data. Activation of these antioxidants appears to respond effectively to the increase of ROS suggesting a better control of postharvest development and tissue deterioration especially in CN2 off-seasonal tubers. This study suggests that CN2 followed by CN1 exhibited the best performance compared to Sp variety.

中文翻译：

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新体细胞杂交马铃薯种子长期冷藏期间生理年龄和抗氧化状态评估

马铃薯的产量成分在很大程度上受种植时块茎种子生理年龄的影响。目前的研究重点是监测两种 CN1 和 CN2 体细胞杂交系和 Spunta (Sp) 品种在 4°C 下储存 270 天期间的种子块茎老化。基于发芽、出苗和组织氧化率监测老化率。考虑生理年龄和生理年龄以及潜伏期 (IP) 的生理年龄指数 (PAI) 等发芽参数的研究表明，杂种在储存期间的生理年龄低于 Sp。此外，这些分析表明，反季节生长条件增加了 Sp 块茎的老化，比杂交块茎更明显。然而，休眠期（内休眠和贮藏休眠后）在不同块茎批次中是相同的。PAI 和 IP 数据与出苗参数（出苗前的持续时间和茎数）相结合时，似乎更有效地表征不同的马铃薯品系。然而，单独考虑时，出苗指标无法清楚地区分季节性和非季节性块茎。数据表明，杂交种子表现出高性能，因为它们每株植物产生的茎数高于 Sp。Sp 块茎的高老化率似乎与少数发达的茎有关。生化分析部分支持杂种和 Sp 种子之间的形态生理差异，尽管这些指标似乎对老化更敏感。事实上，数据表明休眠中断，然后，发展与一定程度的组织氧化有关。抗氧化剂，如超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)，过氧化氢酶 (CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GPX) 和类胡萝卜素似乎在休眠解除后增强。然而，这些活动的诱导在反季节块茎中比在季节性块茎中更早开始，这与 PAI 和 IP 数据显示的它们的高级老化水平一致。这些抗氧化剂的激活似乎对 ROS 的增加做出了有效的反应，这表明可以更好地控制收获后的发育和组织退化，尤其是在 CN2 反季节块茎中。该研究表明，与 Sp 品种相比，CN2 其次是 CN1 表现出最佳性能。这与 PAI 和 IP 数据显示的高级老化水平一致。这些抗氧化剂的激活似乎对 ROS 的增加做出了有效的反应，这表明可以更好地控制收获后的发育和组织退化，尤其是在 CN2 反季节块茎中。这项研究表明，与 Sp 品种相比，CN2 其次是 CN1 表现出最好的性能。这与 PAI 和 IP 数据显示的高级老化水平一致。这些抗氧化剂的激活似乎对 ROS 的增加做出了有效的反应，这表明可以更好地控制收获后的发育和组织退化，尤其是在 CN2 反季节块茎中。这项研究表明，与 Sp 品种相比，CN2 其次是 CN1 表现出最好的性能。