Background

The purpose of this study was to elucidate why some potentially damaging and beneficial effects were obtained following blue light exposures on skin.

Materials and Methods

Light-emitting diode (LED) devices containing 415 and 470 nm bulbs were used on normal human keratinocytes, skin biopsies and subjects with acne. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) evaluation was performed after a course of blue LED light exposures. A comparison between very small bandwidth centered at 415 nm and a combination of (415 + 470 nm) wavelengths was also carried out regarding the effects on ROS production. The effects on other targets such as opsin1 short wavelength (OPN1 SW) photoreceptor, fibrillin-1 dermal component, LL37 antimicrobial peptide and interleukin-8 (IL-8) proinflammatory cytokine were then explored. Finally, clinical pictures of acne signs were also investigated after blue LED exposures.

Results

Dose dependent increases of ROS production were obtained on keratinocytes exposed to increasing 415 nm LED exposures. However, a ROS decreasing first phase was observed on keratinocytes exposed to 415 + 470 nm LED exposures. Moreover, comparing the same doses of 415 nm wavelength and (415 + 470 nm) wavelength combination, 415 nm alone is more damaging than the 415 + 470 nm exposures.

In case of increase in ROS, decrease in OPN1 SW photoreceptor and fragmentation of fibrillin-1 dermal fiber were observed. When conditions of ROS decrease were experienced, an increase in LL37 antimicrobial peptide and a modulation of IL-8 inflammatory response were noted, suggesting improvement in acne signs. Clinical results confirmed the benefits on inflammatory lesions on subjects with acne.

Conclusion

Blue lights can induce beneficial and adverse effects, depending on the dose and on the spectrum width of the exposure.

中文翻译：

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蓝灯：敌还是友？

背景

这项研究的目的是阐明为什么在暴露于皮肤的蓝光下会产生一些潜在的损害和有益效果。

材料和方法

包含415和470 nm灯泡的发光二极管（LED）设备用于正常人角质形成细胞，皮肤活检和痤疮患者。蓝光LED曝光后，进行了活性氧（ROS）评估。关于对ROS产生的影响，还进行了以415 nm为中心的非常小的带宽与（415 + 470 nm）波长组合的比较。然后研究了对其他靶标如opsin1短波长（OPN1 SW）感光体，fibrillin-1皮肤成分，LL37抗菌肽和白介素8（IL-8）促炎细胞因子的影响。最后，蓝色LED暴露后，还研究了痤疮迹象的临床图片。

结果

在暴露于增加的415 nm LED照射的角质形成细胞上，剂量依赖性的ROS产生增加。但是，在暴露于415 + 470 nm LED的角质形成细胞中观察到ROS降低的第一相。此外，比较相同剂量的415 nm波长和（415 + 470 nm）波长组合，单独415 nm比415 + 470 nm曝光更具破坏性。

在ROS增加的情况下，观察到OPN1 SW光感受器的减少和原纤维蛋白-1真皮纤维的断裂。当经历ROS降低的条件时，注意到LL37抗微生物肽的增加和IL-8炎性反应的调节，表明痤疮体征改善。临床结果证实了痤疮对炎症性病变的益处。

结论

蓝光可能会产生有利和不利影响，具体取决于剂量和曝光的光谱宽度。