Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are zinc-containing metalloenzymes that can accelerate the hydration rate of CO₂ into HCO₃_. But natural CA is usually unstable in the denatured environment. Meanwhile, several disadvantages including difficult separation, poor reusability, as well as short shelf lifetime also restricted their practical applications. The immobilization technology offers a solid foundation for increasing the recoverability of CAs from its products and substrates with remarkable turnover. However, the performance of the support materials can affect the catalytic activity of the immobilized CAs. An ideal support material should have good mechanical strength, stability, high affinity for enzymes, and certain inertia. Therefore, the design and preparation of materials with an excellent performance have become the research hotspot of biocatalysis. Scientific studies have reported the immobilization and their promising applications in many fields. Nevertheless, a few studies have investigated the CAs and their immobilized support. Thus, this review presents the results of CA research status, common working materials used for immobilization, and some existing problems are also analyzed. Moreover, it also explicitly unveils some important aspects not covering in previous literature, which will be helpful for improving CA utilization in practical applications in the future.

碳酸酐酶（CAs，EC 4.2.1.1）是含锌的金属酶，可以加速CO ₂到HCO ₃的水合速率_。但是天然CA通常在变性环境中不稳定。同时，包括分离困难，可重复使用性差以及保质期短的几个缺点也限制了它们的实际应用。固定化技术为提高CAs从其产品和基材的可回收性提供了坚实的基础。但是，载体材料的性能会影响固定化CA的催化活性。理想的支撑材料应具有良好的机械强度，稳定性，对酶的高亲和力和一定的惯性。因此，具有优异性能的材料的设计与制备已成为生物催化研究的热点。科学研究报告了固定化及其在许多领域中的有希望的应用。然而，一些研究调查了CA及其固定支持。因此，本综述介绍了CA研究现状，固定化常用工作材料的结果，并分析了一些现有问题。此外，它还明确揭示了一些先前文献中未涵盖的重要方面，这将有助于将来在实际应用中提高CA利用率。