Due to economic, environmental and geopolitical issues, the development of permanent magnets with a composition free of rare earth elements and with acceptable magnetic properties has been considered a priority by the international community, being MnAl based alloys amongst the most promising candidates. The aim of this work was to evaluate the toxicity of powders of two forms of newly developed MnAl(C) permanent magnets through exposure experiments applying three model organisms, using as a benchmark powders of a commercial rare-earth-containing magnet (Nd₂Fe₁₄B). For this purpose, the direct exposure to the different particles suspensions as well as to magnets leachates was evaluated. Both viability and oxidative stress assays were applied in an adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cell line (A549) and in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, together with the bioluminescent inhibition assay in the Gram negative bacterium Vibrio fischeri. The obtained results indicate that MnAl(C) permanent magnets, in general terms, presented similar toxicity than the Nd magnet for the selected biological models under the studied conditions. Overall, the presented data provide, for the first time, an in vitro toxicity analysis of MnAl based magnets.

由于经济，环境和地缘政治问题，国际社会认为开发不含稀土元素且具有可接受的磁性能的永磁体是最有前途的候选者之一，是MnAl基合金。这项工作的目的是通过使用三种模型生物的暴露实验评估两种形式的新开发的MnAl（C）永磁体粉末的毒性，以商业化的含稀土磁体（Nd ₂ Fe）为基准粉末₁₄B）。为此，评估了直接暴露于不同的颗粒悬浮液以及磁铁浸出液的可能性。在腺癌人类肺泡基底上皮细胞系（A549）和酿酒酵母中应用了活力和氧化应激测定，以及在革兰氏阴性细菌费氏弧菌中的生物发光抑制测定。获得的结果表明，在研究条件下，对于选定的生物学模型，MnAl（C）永磁体的一般毒性与Nd磁体相似。总体而言，本文提供的数据首次提供了基于MnAl的磁体的体外毒性分析。