We assessed the phytoavailability of heavy metals in wheat and rice grown on soils along flood plains of Sutlej river and its effects on human health. Surface soil samples along with wheat (pre-monsoon season) and rice (post-monsoon season) grain samples were collected during the years 2017 and 2018. Soil samples were analysed for total and DTPA-extractable metals and, wheat and rice grains samples for total metals. There were no significant (p<0.05) changes in total metal concentration during both the years, but the concentration of DTPA-extractable metals was higher during pre-monsoon than post-monsoon season. The concentration of Pb, Cd, and Co in wheat grains, whereas the concentration of Cr, Co, Pb and Cd in rice grains surpassed their safe limits. Both DTPA-extractable metals (water soluble plus exchangeable) and non-exchangeable fractions explained more than 80% of the variations in metal uptake by plants. The bioaccumulation factor for DTPA-extractable metals (BCF) was above one, but Pollution Load Index for these metals (PLI) was less than one. The carcinogenic risks due to ingestion of wheat and rice grains were higher for Cd. The BAF, PLI and health risks were higher along transboundary of the river. These results suggest that exchangeable and non-exchangeable fractions are contributing towards metals uptake by wheat and rice along flood plain soils of the Sutlej rive and the present study may act as a model for carrying out similar studies to find out the risks of heavy metals and it effect on human health in future.

我们评估了在Sutlej河泛滥平原土壤上种植的小麦和水稻中重金属的植物利用率及其对人体健康的影响。在2017年和2018年期间收集了表层土壤样品以及小麦（季风前季节）和水稻（季风后季节）谷物样品。分析了土壤样品中的总金属和DTPA可萃取金属以及小麦和水稻的谷物样品总金属。在这两年中，总金属浓度均无显着变化（p <0.05），但季风前季风期间DTPA可提取金属的浓度高于季风后季节。小麦籽粒中Pb，Cd和Co的含量超过水稻籽粒中Cr，Co，Pb和Cd的含量超过其安全限值。DTPA可萃取金属（水溶性加可交换）和不可交换馏分均解释了植物吸收金属的80％以上变化。DTPA可萃取金属（BCF）的生物累积因子大于1，但这些金属（PLI）的污染负荷指数小于1。Cd摄入小麦和稻谷导致的致癌风险更高。沿河跨境的BAF，PLI和健康风险较高。这些结果表明，可交换部分和不可交换部分促进了Sutlejive河泛滥平原土壤上的小麦和水稻吸收金属，本研究可作为开展类似研究以发现重金属和淀粉风险的模型。它对未来人类健康产生影响。DTPA可萃取金属（BCF）的生物累积因子大于1，但这些金属（PLI）的污染负荷指数小于1。Cd摄入小麦和大米导致的致癌风险更高。沿河跨境的BAF，PLI和健康风险较高。这些结果表明，可交换部分和不可交换部分促进了Sutlejive河泛滥平原土壤上的小麦和水稻吸收金属，本研究可作为开展类似研究以发现重金属和淀粉风险的模型。它对未来人类健康产生影响。DTPA可萃取金属（BCF）的生物累积因子大于1，但这些金属（PLI）的污染负荷指数小于1。Cd摄入小麦和大米导致的致癌风险更高。沿河流跨境的BAF，PLI和健康风险较高。这些结果表明，可交换部分和不可交换部分促进了Sutlejive河泛滥平原土壤上的小麦和水稻吸收金属，本研究可作为开展类似研究以发现重金属和淀粉风险的模型。它对未来人类健康产生影响。沿河跨境的BAF，PLI和健康风险较高。这些结果表明，可交换部分和不可交换部分促进了Sutlejive河泛滥平原土壤上的小麦和水稻吸收金属，本研究可作为开展类似研究以发现重金属和淀粉风险的模型。它对未来人类健康产生影响。沿河跨境的BAF，PLI和健康风险较高。这些结果表明，可交换部分和不可交换部分促进了Sutlejive河泛滥平原土壤上的小麦和水稻吸收金属，本研究可作为开展类似研究以发现重金属和淀粉风险的模型。它对未来人类健康产生影响。