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Bilayer compositional asymmetry influences the nanoscopic to macroscopic phase domain size transition.
Chemistry and Physics of Lipids ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.104972
Naveen Mohideen 1 , Michael D Weiner 2 , Gerald W Feigenson 3
Affiliation  

The eukaryotic plasma membrane (PM) exhibits lipid mixing heterogeneities known as lipid rafts. These lipid rafts, the result of liquid-liquid phase separation, can be modeled by coexisting liquid ordered (Lo) and liquid disordered (Ld) domains. Four-lipid component systems with a high-melting lipid, a nanodomain-inducing low-melting lipid, a macrodomain-inducing low-melting lipid, and cholesterol (chol) can give rise to domains of different sizes. These four-component systems have been characterized in experiments, yet there are few studies that model the asymmetric distribution of lipids actually found in the PM. We used molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to analyze the transition from nanoscopic to macroscopic domains in symmetric and in asymmetric model membranes. Using coarse-grained MD simulations, we found that asymmetry promotes macroscopic domain growth in a case where symmetric systems exhibit nanoscopic domains. Also, macroscopic domain formation in symmetric systems is highly dependent on registration of like phases in the cytoplasmic and exoplasmic leaflets. Using united-atom MD simulations, we found that symmetric Lo domains are only slightly more ordered than asymmetric Lo domains. We also found that large Lo domains in our asymmetric systems induce a slight chain ordering in the apposed cytoplasmic regions. The chol fractions of phase-separated Lo and Ld domains of the exoplasmic leaflet were unchanged whether the system was symmetric or asymmetric.



中文翻译:

双层成分不对称影响纳米级到宏观相域尺寸的转变。

真核细胞质膜 (PM) 表现出称为脂筏的脂质混合异质性。这些脂筏是液-液相分离的结果,可以通过共存的液体有序 (Lo) 和液体无序 (Ld) 域来建模。具有高熔点脂质、诱导纳米结构域的低熔点脂质、诱导大结构域的低熔点脂质和胆固醇 (chol) 的四脂质组分系统可以产生不同大小的结构域。这些四组分系统已在实验中进行了表征,但很少有研究模拟 PM 中实际发现的脂质的不对称分布。我们使用分子动力学 (MD) 模拟来分析对称和非对称模型膜中从纳米域到宏观域的转变。使用粗粒度 MD 模拟,我们发现在对称系统表现出纳米域的情况下,不对称会促进宏观域的生长。此外,对称系统中的宏观域形成高度依赖于细胞质和外质小叶中相似相的配准。使用联合原子 MD 模拟,我们发现对称 Lo 域仅比不对称 Lo 域更有序。我们还发现我们的不对称系统中的大 Lo 结构域在并列的细胞质区域中诱导轻微的链排序。无论系统是对称的还是不对称的,外质小叶的相分离 Lo 和 Ld 域的 chol 分数都没有变化。对称系统中的宏观域形成高度依赖于细胞质和外质小叶中相似相的配准。使用联合原子 MD 模拟,我们发现对称 Lo 域仅比不对称 Lo 域更有序。我们还发现我们的不对称系统中的大 Lo 结构域在并列的细胞质区域中诱导轻微的链排序。无论系统是对称的还是不对称的,外质小叶的相分离 Lo 和 Ld 域的 chol 分数都没有变化。对称系统中的宏观域形成高度依赖于细胞质和外质小叶中相似相的配准。使用联合原子 MD 模拟,我们发现对称 Lo 域仅比不对称 Lo 域更有序。我们还发现我们的不对称系统中的大 Lo 结构域在并列的细胞质区域中诱导轻微的链排序。无论系统是对称的还是不对称的,外质小叶的相分离 Lo 和 Ld 域的 chol 分数都没有变化。

更新日期:2020-09-29
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