Abstract

The possible input of nutrients-pollutants into water bodies in the Upper Volga basin from agricultural lands is evaluated for the case of the Yakhroma R. with a basin area of 1437 km². Water quality was studied along river profile to show that the sources of nutrient pollution, in addition to wastewaters from the cities of Dmitrov and Yakhroma, are agricultural lands on the water divide and a melioration object in the floodplain >9 thousand ha in area. The input of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium with surface and drainage water into river network was evaluated. It was shown that the major pollutants of either surface or drainage waters are nitrogen and potassium compounds and, to a lesser extent, phosphorus compounds. The overall normal annual volume of surface runoff in the Yakhroma basin was evaluated at 12 358 thousand m³ and that of drainage water at 15952 thousand m³. The export of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium with surface runoff is 27.36, 6.06, and 242.28 t/year, respectively; the respective values for drainage runoff are 96.88, 0.38, and 37.04 t/year. Scenarios of protection measures were developed to reduce the pollution of surface water and to clean drainage water of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds by reducing the nutrient pollution of the river by 73.7 t/year in the case of surface runoff regulation and by 160 t/year, in the case of drainage runoff treatment.

中文翻译：

---

伏尔加河上游农业区的扩散污染评估及减少污染的措施的发展-以亚赫洛马河为例

摘要

对于Yakhroma R.流域面积为1437 km ²的情况，评估了农业用地向伏尔加河上游流域水体中营养物污染物的可能输入。。对沿河剖面的水质进行了研究，结果表明，除Dmitrov和Yakhroma等城市的废水外，养分污染的源头也是水域上的农田，是> 9 000公顷洪泛区的改良对象。评价了氮，磷和钾与地表水和排水向河网的输入。结果表明，地表水或排水的主要污染物是氮和钾化合物，而磷化合物则较少。Yakhroma盆地的地表径流总体正常年体积为12 358 000 m ³，排水量为15952 000 m ^3。。氮，磷和钾的地表径流出口分别为每年27.36、6.06和242.28吨/年。排水径流量分别为96.88、0.38和37.04吨/年。制定了保护措施的方案，以通过减少地表径流情况下的养分污染每年73.7吨/年和每年减少160吨/年的方式来减少地表水的污染并净化氮和磷化合物的排水，在排水径流处理的情况下。