Tissue engineering using Adipose Derived Stromal Cells (ADSCs) has emerged as a novel regenerative medicine approach to replace and reconstruct soft tissue damaged or lost as a result of disease process or therapeutic surgical resection. ADSCs are an attractive cell source for soft tissue regeneration due to the fact that they are easily accessible, multipotent, non-immunogenic and pro-angiogenic. ADSC based regenerative strategies have been successfully translated to the clinical setting for the treatment of Crohn’s fistulae, musculoskeletal pathologies, wound healing, and cosmetic breast augmentation (fat grafting). ADSCs are particularly attractive as a source for adipose tissue engineering as they exhibit preferential differentiation to adipocytes and support maintenance of mature adipose graft volume. The potential for reconstruction with an autologous tissue sources and a natural appearance and texture is particularly appealing in the setting of breast cancer; up to 40% of patients require mastectomy for locoregional control and current approaches to post-mastectomy breast reconstruction (PMBR) are limited by the potential for complications at the donor and reconstruction sites. Despite their potential, the use of ADSCs in breast cancer patients is controversial due to concerns regarding oncological safety. These concerns relate to the regeneration of tissue at a site where a malignancy has been treated and the impact this may have on stimulating local disease recurrence or dissemination. Pre-clinical data suggest that ADSCs exhibit pro-oncogenic characteristics and are involved in stimulating progression, and growth of tumour cells. However, there have been conflicting reports on the oncologic outcome, in terms of locoregional recurrence, for breast cancer patients in whom ADSC enhanced fat grafting was utilised as an alternative to reconstruction for small volume defects. A further consideration which may impact the successful translation of ADSC based regenerative strategies for post cancer reconstruction is the potential effects of cancer therapy. This review aims to address the effect of malignant cells, adjuvant therapies and patient-specific factors that may influence the success of regenerative strategies using ADSCs for post cancer tissue regeneration.

使用脂肪衍生基质细胞 (ADSC) 的组织工程已成为一种新的再生医学方法，用于替换和重建因疾病过程或治疗性手术切除而受损或丢失的软组织。ADSCs 是一种有吸引力的软组织再生细胞来源，因为它们易于获得、多能、非免疫原性和促血管生成。基于 ADSC 的再生策略已成功应用于治疗克罗恩瘘、肌肉骨骼病变、伤口愈合和美容隆胸（脂肪移植）的临床环境。ADSCs 作为脂肪组织工程的来源特别有吸引力，因为它们表现出对脂肪细胞的优先分化并支持维持成熟的脂肪移植体积。用自体组织来源和自然外观和质地进行重建的潜力在乳腺癌的环境中特别有吸引力；高达 40% 的患者需要进行乳房切除术以进行局部控制，而目前乳房切除术后乳房重建 (PMBR) 的方法受到供体和重建部位潜在并发症的限制。尽管具有潜力，但由于对肿瘤安全性的担忧，在乳腺癌患者中使用 ADSC 仍存在争议。这些担忧与已治疗恶性肿瘤的部位的组织再生以及这可能对刺激局部疾病复发或传播产生的影响有关。临床前数据表明，ADSCs 表现出促癌特性并参与刺激肿瘤细胞的进展和生长。然而，对于使用 ADSC 增强脂肪移植作为小体积缺损重建的替代方法的乳腺癌患者，就局部区域复发而言，关于肿瘤学结果的报道相互矛盾。可能影响癌症后重建基于 ADSC 的再生策略的成功转化的进一步考虑是癌症治疗的潜在影响。本综述旨在探讨可能影响使用 ADSC 进行癌后组织再生的再生策略成功的恶性细胞、辅助疗法和患者特定因素的影响。对于使用 ADSC 增强脂肪移植作为小体积缺损重建的替代方法的乳腺癌患者。可能影响癌症后重建基于 ADSC 的再生策略的成功转化的进一步考虑是癌症治疗的潜在影响。本综述旨在探讨可能影响使用 ADSC 进行癌后组织再生的再生策略成功的恶性细胞、辅助疗法和患者特定因素的影响。对于使用 ADSC 增强脂肪移植作为小体积缺损重建的替代方法的乳腺癌患者。可能影响癌症后重建基于 ADSC 的再生策略的成功转化的进一步考虑是癌症治疗的潜在影响。本综述旨在探讨可能影响使用 ADSC 进行癌后组织再生的再生策略成功的恶性细胞、辅助疗法和患者特定因素的影响。