Extensive researches have deepened knowledge on the role of synaptic components in epileptogenesis, but limited attention has been devoted to the potential implication of the cytoskeleton. The study of the development of epilepsy and hyperexcitability states involves molecular, synaptic, and structural alterations of neuronal bioelectric activity. In this paper we aim to explore the neurobiological targets involved in microtubule functioning and cytoskeletal transport, i.e. how dynamic scaffolding of microtubules can influence neuronal morphology and excitability, in order to suggest a potential role for microtubule dynamics in the processes turning a normal neuronal network in a hyperexcited one. Pathophysiological alterations of microtubule dynamics inducing neurodegeneration, network remodeling and relative impairment on synaptic transmission were overviewed. Recent researches were reported on the phosphorylation state of microtubule-associated proteins such as tau in neurodegenerative diseases and epileptic states, but also on the effect of microtubule-active agents influencing cytoskeleton destabilization in epilepsy models. The manipulation of microtubule polymerization was found effective in the modulation of hyperexcitability. In addition, it was considered the importance of microtubules and related neurotrophic factors during neural development since they are essential for the formation of a properly functional neuronal network. Otherwise, this can lead to cognitive deficits, hyperexcitability phenomena and neurodevelopmental disorders. Lastly, we evaluated the role of microtubule dynamics on neuronal efficiency considering their importance in the transport of mitochondria, cellular elements fulfilling energy requirements for neuronal activity, and a putative influence on cannabinoid-mediated neuroprotection. This review provides novel perspectives for the implication of microtubule dynamics in the development of epileptic phenomena.

广泛的研究加深了对突触成分在癫痫发生中作用的认识，但对细胞骨架的潜在影响关注有限。癫痫和过度兴奋状态发展的研究涉及神经元生物电活动的分子、突触和结构改变。在本文中，我们旨在探索参与微管功能和细胞骨架运输的神经生物学靶标，即微管的动态支架如何影响神经元形态和兴奋性，以提出微管动力学在正常神经元网络转变过程中的潜在作用。一个过度兴奋的人。诱导神经变性的微管动力学的病理生理学改变，概述了突触传递的网络重塑和相对损伤。最近的研究报道了神经退行性疾病和癫痫状态中 tau 等微管相关蛋白的磷酸化状态，以及微管活性剂对癫痫模型中细胞骨架不稳定的影响。微管聚合的操作被发现在过度兴奋的调节中是有效的。此外，微管和相关神经营养因子在神经发育过程中的重要性被认为是重要的，因为它们对于形成功能正常的神经元网络至关重要。否则，这可能导致认知缺陷、过度兴奋现象和神经发育障碍。最后，我们评估了微管动力学对神经元效率的作用，考虑到它们在线粒体运输中的重要性，满足神经元活动能量需求的细胞元素，以及对大麻素介导的神经保护的推定影响。本综述为微管动力学在癫痫现象发展中的意义提供了新的视角。