One of the biggest challenges associated with modelling the behaviour of reinforced concrete is the difficulty of incorporating realistic material models that can represent the observable behaviour of the physical system. Experiments for relevant loading rates and pressures reveal that steel and concrete exhibits a complicated nonlinear behavior that is difficult to capture in a single constitutive model. LS-DYNA provides several material models to simulate the structural behaviour of reinforced concrete. To provide some guidance in selecting the proper one for users who have limited experience on numerical simulation of steel and concrete, this paper reviews the background theory and evaluates performance of different material models to predicting the response of reinforced concrete structures to dynamic loads as well as advantageous and disadvantageous of models. Comparisons of several widely available concrete constitutive models are presented pertaining to their ability to reproduce basic laboratory data for concrete and steel as well as predict the response of structures subjected to shock and impact loadings. The performance of these models was assessed by comparison of finite element analysis model and experimental results of reinforced concrete structures to insure that the overall behaviour prediction is qualitatively acceptable, even if the exact parameter fit or material characterization is not available. The authors concluded that the accuracy of the finite element results relied on the selection of material model as well as the input parameter values. The material model assessment presented in this study can be used in the numerical simulation to generate appropriate models for concrete and steel.

与钢筋混凝土行为建模相关的最大挑战之一是难以合并可以代表物理系统可观察行为的逼真的材料模型。有关载荷率和压力的实验表明，钢和混凝土表现出复杂的非线性行为，难以在单个本构模型中捕获。LS-DYNA提供了几种材料模型来模拟钢筋混凝土的结构行为。为了为那些在钢和混凝土数值模拟方面经验有限的用户提供选择适当指导的指导，本文回顾了背景理论并评估了不同材料模型的性能，以预测钢筋混凝土结构对动态载荷的响应以及模型的优缺点。提出了几种可广泛使用的混凝土本构模型的比较，这些模型具有再现混凝土和钢的基本实验室数据以及预测结构在受到冲击和冲击载荷作用下的响应的能力。通过比较有限元分析模型和钢筋混凝土结构的实验结果来评估这些模型的性能，以确保总体行为预测在质量上是可以接受的，即使没有确切的参数拟合或材料表征也是如此。作者得出结论，有限元结果的准确性取决于材料模型的选择以及输入参数值。本研究中提出的材料模型评估可用于数值模拟，以生成适用于混凝土和钢材的模型。