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Control of the chickpea blight, Ascochyta rabiei, with the weed plant, Withania somnifera
Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 , DOI: 10.1186/s41938-020-00315-z
Arshad Javaid , Rukhshanda Munir , Iqra Haider Khan , Amna Shoaib

Ascochyta blight caused by a fungal pathogen, Ascochyta rabiei, is a serious disease of chickpea in most chickpea growing areas of the world. The disease can be controlled by fungicides to reduce the environmental pollution. This study reports the control of Ascochyta blight by using extracts and dry biomass of a weed plant, Withania somnifera (Family Solanaceae). In a laboratory bioassay, a 0.2% concentration of methanolic leaf extract of W. somnifera significantly inhibited the pathogenic fungal growth. Methanolic leaf extract was fractionated with 4 organic solvents of different polarities namely n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. The effect of different concentrations (3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200 mg ml−1) of the 4 organic solvent fractions was assessed on in vitro growth of the pathogen. Among these, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions completely inhibited the fungal growth. Ethyl acetate fraction was further subjected to thin layer chromatography to separate the potent antifungal compounds A and B. Compound A was found highly effective against the targeted fungal pathogen with MIC 31.25 μg ml−1, followed by B with MIC value of 250 μg ml−1 as compared to 7.81 μg ml−1 MIC of a commercial fungicide mancozeb. In pot trial, the soil was amended by 1, 2, and 3% dry leaf material of the test plant species. Disease incidence was significantly reduced in 3% dose. This study concludes that W. somnifera contains potent antifungal compounds that can be effectively exploited for the control of A. rabiei.

中文翻译:

用杂草植物Withania somnifera控制鹰嘴豆疫病Ascochyta rabiei

由真菌病原体Ascochyta rabiei引起的枯萎病是世界上大多数鹰嘴豆产区的一种严重的鹰嘴豆病。该疾病可通过杀真菌剂控制以减少环境污染。这项研究报告了通过使用杂草植物Withania somnifera(茄科)的提取物和干燥生物量来控制枯萎病。在实验室生物测定中,0.2%浓度的W. somnifera甲醇叶提取物可显着抑制病原真菌的生长。用4种极性不同的有机溶剂(正己烷,氯仿,乙酸乙酯和正丁醇)对甲醇叶提取物进行分级分离。评估了4种有机溶剂组分的不同浓度(3.125、6.25、12.5、25、50、100、200 mg ml-1)对病原体体外生长的影响。在这些当中,乙酸乙酯和正丁醇馏分完全抑制了真菌的生长。进一步对乙酸乙酯级分进行薄层色谱分离,以分离有效的抗真菌化合物A和B。发现化合物A对目标真菌病原菌的MIC为31.25μgml-1,对B的作用最强,MIC为250μgml- 1与商业杀菌剂代森锰锌的7.81μgml-1 MIC相比。在盆栽试验中,土壤分别用受试植物种的1%,2%和3%的干叶材料进行了改良。3%剂量可显着降低疾病发生率。这项研究得出的结论是,W。somnifera含有有效的抗真菌化合物,可以有效地用于控制A. rabiei。进一步对乙酸乙酯级分进行薄层色谱分离,以分离有效的抗真菌化合物A和B。发现化合物A对目标真菌病原菌的MIC为31.25μgml-1,对B的作用最强,MIC为250μgml- 1与商业杀菌剂代森锰锌的7.81μgml-1 MIC相比。在盆栽试验中,土壤分别用受试植物种的1%,2%和3%的干叶材料进行了改良。3%剂量可显着降低疾病发生率。这项研究得出的结论是,W。somnifera含有有效的抗真菌化合物,可以有效地用于控制A. rabiei。进一步对乙酸乙酯级分进行薄层色谱分离,以分离有效的抗真菌化合物A和B。发现化合物A对目标真菌病原菌的MIC为31.25μgml-1,对B的作用最强,MIC为250μgml- 1与商业杀菌剂代森锰锌的7.81μgml-1 MIC相比。在盆栽试验中,用试验植物物种的1%,2%和3%的干叶材料改良土壤。3%剂量可显着降低疾病发生率。这项研究得出的结论是,W。somnifera含有有效的抗真菌化合物,可以有效地用于控制A. rabiei。商业杀菌剂代森锰锌的81μgml-1 MIC。在盆栽试验中,土壤分别用受试植物种的1%,2%和3%的干叶材料进行了改良。3%剂量可显着降低疾病发生率。这项研究得出的结论是,W。somnifera含有有效的抗真菌化合物,可以有效地用于控制A. rabiei。商业杀菌剂代森锰锌的81μgml-1 MIC。在盆栽试验中,土壤分别用受试植物种的1%,2%和3%的干叶材料进行了改良。3%剂量可显着降低疾病发生率。这项研究得出的结论是,W。somnifera含有有效的抗真菌化合物,可以有效地用于控制A. rabiei。
更新日期:2020-09-14
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