Salt stress is one of the most damaging abiotic stresses in production of Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Upland cotton is defined as a medium salt-tolerant crop. Salinity hinders root development, shoots growth, and reduces the fiber quality. Our previous study verified a GhCIPK6a gene response to salt stress in G. hirsutum. The homologs of GhCIPK6a were analyzed in A2 (G. arboreum), D5 (G. raimondii), and AD1 (G. hirsutum) genomes. GhCIPK6a localized to the vacuole and cell membrane. The GhCBL1-GhCIPK6a and GhCBL8-GhCIPK6a complexes localized to the nucleus and cytomembrane. Overexpression of GhCIPK6a enhanced expression levels of co-expressed genes induced by salt stress, which scavenged ROS and involved in MAPK signaling pathways verified by RNA-seq analysis. Water absorption capacity and cell membrane stability of seeds from GhCIPK6a overexpressed lines was higher than that of wild-type seeds during imbibed germination stage. The seed germination rates and seedling field emergence percentages of GhCIPK6a overexpressed lines were higher than that of control line under salt stress. Moreover, overexpressing of GhCIPK6a in cotton increased lint percentage, and fiber length uniformity under salt stress. We verified the function of GhCIPK6a by transformation and RNA-seq analysis. GhCIPK6a overexpressed lines exhibited higher tolerance to abiotic stresses, which functioned by involving in ROS scavenging and MAPK pathways. Therefore, GhCIPK6a has the potential for cotton breeding to improve stress-tolerance.

中文翻译：

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GhCIPK6a通过参与ROS清除和MAPK信号传导途径来提高转基因陆地棉的耐盐性。

盐胁迫是陆地棉生产中最具破坏性的非生物胁迫之一。陆地棉被定义为中等耐盐作物。盐分会阻碍根系发育，芽生长并降低纤维质量。我们先前的研究证实了GhCIPK6a基因对陆地棉盐胁迫的响应。在A2（G. arboreum），D5（G. raimondii）和AD1（G. hirsutum）基因组中分析了GhCIPK6a的同源物。GhCIPK6a定位于液泡和细胞膜。GhCBL1-GhCIPK6a和GhCBL8-GhCIPK6a复合物位于细胞核和细胞膜。GhCIPK6a的过表达增强了盐胁迫诱导的共表达基因的表达水平，该基因清除了ROS，并参与了RNA-seq分析证实的MAPK信号通路。GhCIPK6a过表达的种子在吸水萌发阶段的吸水能力和细胞膜稳定性高于野生型种子。在盐胁迫下，GhCIPK6a过表达系的种子发芽率和幼苗出苗率均高于对照。此外，棉花中GhCIPK6a的过表达增加了皮棉百分比，并增加了盐胁迫下纤维长度的均匀性。我们通过转化和RNA序列分析验证了GhCIPK6a的功能。GhCIPK6a过表达的品系对非生物胁迫表现出更高的耐受性，该非生物胁迫通过参与ROS清除和MAPK途径发挥作用。因此，GhCIPK6a有潜力用于棉花育种以提高耐胁迫性。在盐胁迫下，GhCIPK6a过表达系的种子发芽率和幼苗出苗率均高于对照。此外，棉花中GhCIPK6a的过表达增加了皮棉百分比，并增加了盐胁迫下纤维长度的均匀性。我们通过转化和RNA序列分析验证了GhCIPK6a的功能。GhCIPK6a过表达的品系对非生物胁迫表现出更高的耐受性，该非生物胁迫通过参与ROS清除和MAPK途径发挥作用。因此，GhCIPK6a有潜力用于棉花育种以提高耐胁迫性。在盐胁迫下，GhCIPK6a过表达系的种子发芽率和幼苗出苗率均高于对照。此外，棉花中GhCIPK6a的过表达增加了皮棉百分比，并增加了盐胁迫下纤维长度的均匀性。我们通过转化和RNA序列分析验证了GhCIPK6a的功能。GhCIPK6a过表达的品系对非生物胁迫表现出更高的耐受性，该非生物胁迫通过参与ROS清除和MAPK途径发挥作用。因此，GhCIPK6a有潜力用于棉花育种以提高耐胁迫性。我们通过转化和RNA序列分析验证了GhCIPK6a的功能。GhCIPK6a过表达的品系对非生物胁迫表现出更高的耐受性，该非生物胁迫通过参与ROS清除和MAPK途径发挥作用。因此，GhCIPK6a有潜力用于棉花育种以提高耐胁迫性。我们通过转化和RNA序列分析验证了GhCIPK6a的功能。GhCIPK6a过表达的品系对非生物胁迫表现出更高的耐受性，该非生物胁迫通过参与ROS清除和MAPK途径发挥作用。因此，GhCIPK6a有潜力用于棉花育种以提高耐胁迫性。