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Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors α7 and α9 modifies tobacco smoke risk for multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis Journal ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 , DOI: 10.1177/1352458520958361
Farren Bs Briggs 1
Affiliation  

INTRODUCTION Tobacco smoke exposure is an established risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS), yet how it confers risk is not known. Evidence from observational studies suggests nicotine may be a protective component. Animal studies further support this hypothesis, demonstrating nicotine's protective effect in MS is mediated by the presence and absence of α7 and α9 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), respectively. OBJECTIVE To determine if variation in the genes encoding α7 and α9 nAChRs (cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 7 (CHRNA7) and alpha 9 (CHRNA9)) will modify MS risk conferred by tobacco smoking. METHODS A multi-stage gene-environment (G×E) framework was utilized, including a case-control analysis (286 cases, 176 controls) with haplotype- and gene-based analyses, followed by an extension case-only (1053 cases) analysis for overlapping variants. RESULTS The results suggest that CHRNA7 and CHRNA9 modifies MS risk conferred by tobacco smoke, where risk among smokers was increased in carriers of the minor CHRNA9 haplotype and in non-carriers the minor CHRNA7 haplotype. The findings are consistent with the pharmacology of these receptors and animal studies of MS. CONCLUSION This study implicates novel processes in MS initiation and demonstrate the need for further G×E studies to advancing our understanding of the missing heritability of MS.

中文翻译:

烟碱乙酰胆碱受体α7和α9改变多发性硬化症的烟草烟雾风险

引言 烟草烟雾暴露是多发性硬化症 (MS) 的既定风险因素,但它如何赋予风险尚不清楚。观察性研究的证据表明,尼古丁可能是一种保护成分。动物研究进一步支持了这一假设,表明烟碱对 MS 的保护作用分别由 α7 和 α9 烟碱乙酰胆碱受体 (nAChR) 的存在和不存在介导。目的 确定编码 α7 和 α9 nAChRs(胆碱能受体烟碱 α 7 (CHRNA7) 和 α 9 (CHRNA9))的基因的变异是否会改变吸烟带来的 MS 风险。方法 采用多阶段基因-环境 (G×E) 框架,包括基于单倍型和基因分析的病例对照分析(286 例,176 例对照),然后是针对重叠变体的仅扩展案例(1053 个案例)分析。结果 结果表明,CHRNA7 和 CHRNA9 改变了烟草烟雾赋予的 MS 风险,其中,轻微 CHRNA9 单倍型携带者和非携带者中轻微 CHRNA7 单倍型的吸烟者风险增加。这些发现与这些受体的药理学和 MS 的动物研究一致。结论 本研究涉及 MS 启动的新过程,并证明需要进一步的 G×E 研究来促进我们对 MS 缺失遗传力的理解。这些发现与这些受体的药理学和 MS 的动物研究一致。结论 本研究涉及 MS 启动的新过程,并证明需要进一步的 G×E 研究来促进我们对 MS 缺失遗传力的理解。这些发现与这些受体的药理学和 MS 的动物研究一致。结论 本研究涉及 MS 启动的新过程,并证明需要进一步的 G×E 研究来促进我们对 MS 缺失遗传力的理解。
更新日期:2020-09-14
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