Abstract

A study determined the effects of supplementing corn-based diets for weaned pigs with multi-enzymes on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients, fecal score, and fecal microbial composition. A total of 132 pigs (initial body weight = 7.23 kg) that had been weaned at 21 d of age and fed a drug-free nursery diet for 7 d were housed in 33 pens of 4 barrows or gilts, blocked by body weight and gender, and fed 3 experimental diets at 11 pens per diet. The diets were corn-based diet without or with multi-enzyme A or B. Multi-enzyme A supplied 4,000 U of xylanase, 150 U of β-glucanase, 3,500 U of protease, and 1,500 U of amylase per kilogram of diet. Multi-enzyme B was the same as multi-enzyme A except that it supplied amylase at 150 U/kg, and that its source of amylase was different from that of multi-enzyme A. All diets contained phytase at 1,000 U/kg. The diets were fed for 35 d in 2 phases; phase 1 for the first 14 d and phase 2 for the last 21 d of the trial. Fecal score was determined daily during the first 7 d of the trial. Fecal samples were collected from rectum of 1 pig per pen on days 2, 7, 14, and 35 of the trial for determining bacterial composition. Also, fresh fecal samples were collected from each pen on days 41 and 42 to determine ATTD of nutrients. Multi-enzyme B increased (P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) for phases 1 and 2. For the overall study period, multi-enzyme B increased (P < 0.05) ADG from 262 to 313 g, and average daily feed intake (ADFI) from 419 to 504 g. Multi-enzyme A increased (P < 0.05) overall ADG from 262 to 290 g, but did not affect ADFI. Multi-enzyme A or B did not affect ATTD of gross energy, but increased (P < 0.05) the ATTD of ether extract from 30% to 36% or 37%, respectively. Multi-enzyme A did not affect fecal score; however, multi-enzyme B tended to decrease (P = 0.09) fecal score, implying that it tended to decrease diarrhea. Firmicutes were the most abundant phylum of fecal bacteria (its relative abundance ranged from 58% to 72%). Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were the 2nd and 3rd most abundant phyla of fecal bacteria. Neither multi-enzyme affected fecal bacterial composition. In conclusion, the addition of multi-enzyme A or B to phytase-supplemented corn-based diet for weaned pigs can improve their growth performance and fat digestibility. However, multi-enzyme B was more effective than multi-enzyme A in terms of improving the growth performance of weaned pigs fed corn-based diet.

中文翻译：

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饲喂多酶补充日粮的断奶仔猪的生长性能、营养物质消化率和粪便微生物组成。

摘要

一项研究确定了在断奶仔猪的玉米日粮中添加多酶对生长性能、营养物质的表观总消化道消化率 (ATTD)、粪便评分和粪便微生物组成的影响。将 21 日龄断奶并饲喂 7 日龄无毒育苗日粮的 132 头猪（初始体重 = 7.23 kg）圈养在 33 栏 4 栏或小母猪中，按体重和性别进行隔离，并以每种饮食 11 圈的方式喂养 3 种实验饮食。日粮是以玉米为基础的日粮，不含或含有多酶 A 或 B。多酶 A 每公斤日粮提供 4,000 U 木聚糖酶、150 U β-葡聚糖酶、3,500 U 蛋白酶和 1,500 U 淀粉酶。多酶 B 与多酶 A 相同，只是它提供的淀粉酶为 150 U/kg，并且其淀粉酶来源与多酶 A 不同。所有日粮都含有 1,000 U/kg 的植酸酶。日粮分2期饲喂35 d；试验的前 14 天为第一阶段，试验的最后 21 天为第二阶段。在试验的前 7 天每天测定粪便评分。在确定细菌组成的试验的第 2、7、14 和 35 天，从每栏 1 头猪的直肠收集粪便样本。此外，在第 41 天和第 42 天从每个围栏收集新鲜粪便样本以确定营养物质的 ATTD。多酶B增加（在第 41 天和第 42 天从每个围栏收集新鲜粪便样本以确定营养物质的 ATTD。多酶B增加（在第 41 天和第 42 天从每个围栏收集新鲜粪便样本以确定营养物质的 ATTD。多酶B增加（P < 0.05)阶段 1 和 2 的平均日增重 ( ADG )。在整个研究期间，多酶 B 增加 ( P < 0.05) ADG 从 262 到 313 克，平均每日饲料摄入量 ( ADFI ) 从 419 增加到504 克。多酶 A 使总 ADG 从 262 增加到 290 g （P < 0.05），但不影响 ADFI。多酶A或B不影响总能量的ATTD，但将乙醚提取物的ATTD分别从30％增加到36％或37％（P <0.05）。多酶A不影响粪便评分；然而，多酶 B 趋于减少（P= 0.09) 粪便评分，这意味着它倾向于减少腹泻。厚壁菌门是粪便细菌中最丰富的门（其相对丰度在 58% 到 72% 之间）。拟杆菌门和放线菌门是粪便细菌的第二和第三最丰富的门。两种多酶都不影响粪便细菌组成。总之，在断奶仔猪添加植酸酶的玉米基日粮中添加多酶A或B可以提高其生长性能和脂肪消化率。然而，在改善断奶仔猪的生长性能方面，多酶 B 比多酶 A 更有效。