One of the effects of climate change is, among others, changes to forest ecosystems. Research Highlights: Temperature increases and upward tree line shifts are linked in many studies. However, the impact of climate change on tree lines has not been studied in Greece. Background and Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the relation of tree line shifts and climate change in Olympus mountain, and especially in a protected area. Materials and Methods: In the Olympus mountain, which includes a protected area (the Olympus National Park core) since 1938, GIS data regarding forest cover were analyzed, while climate change from a previous study is presented. Results: Forest expansion and an upward tree line shift are proven in the Olympus mountain area. In the National Park core, the tree line shift is the result of climate change and attributed to the significant temperature increase in the growing season. Conclusions: There are strong indications that a temperature increase leads to an upward shift of the tree lines in the National Park core.

中文翻译：

---

奥林匹斯山（希腊）的林线转移与气候变化

气候变化的影响之一尤其是森林生态系统的变化。研究重点：在许多研究中，温度升高和林线向上移动是相关的。但是，希腊尚未研究气候变化对林木的影响。背景与目的：本研究的目的是评估奥林匹斯山，特别是在保护区中林木线移动与气候变化之间的关系。材料和方法：自1938年以来在包括保护区（奥林匹斯国家公园核心）的奥林匹斯山中，分析了有关森林覆盖的GIS数据，同时介绍了先前研究的气候变化。结果：在奥林匹斯山地区，森林得到了扩张，林线向上移动。在国家公园核心 树线的变化是气候变化的结果，归因于生长季节温度的显着升高。结论：有充分的迹象表明，温度升高导致国家公园核心林木线向上移动。