Prunus species are important crops in temperate regions. In these regions, drought periods are predicted to occur more frequently due to climate change. In this sense, to reduce the impact of climate warming, obtaining new tolerant/resistant cultivars and rootstocks is a mandatory goal in Prunus breeding. Therefore, the current study assembled three Prunus species including almond, (P. dulcis Mill D.A. Webb), apricot (P. armeniaca L.) and peach (P. persica L.) to model the temporal effects of drought. A hybrid peach × almond and a wild almond-relative species Prunus webbii were also included in the study. Physiological traits associated with photosynthetic activity, leaf water status, and chlorophyll content were assessed under three watering treatments. Results showed that effects of time, genotype, and treatment interact significantly in all traits. In addition, results confirmed that P. webbii have a greater tolerance to drought than commercial rootstocks. However, “Real Fino” apricot showed the fastest recovery after re-irrigation while being one of the most affected cultivars. In addition, from the better response to these watering treatments by the almond genotypes, two different trends were observed after re-irrigation treatment that clearly differentiate the response of the almond cultivar “Garrigue” from the rest of Prunus genotypes. A better characterization of the short-term drought response in Prunus, an accurate and more efficient evaluation of the genotype effect was obtained from the use of mixed models considering appropriate variance–covariance structures. Although the advantages of these approaches are rarely used in Prunus breeding, these methodologies should be undertaken in the future by breeders to increase efficiency in developing new breeding materials.

中文翻译：

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几种李砧木和野生种对干旱胁迫的时间响应。

李属物种是温带地区重要的农作物。在这些地区，由于气候变化，干旱时期预计会更加频繁。从这个意义上说，为了减少气候变暖的影响，在李属育种中必须获得新的耐性/抗性品种和砧木。因此，当前的研究收集了三种李属物种，包括杏仁（P. dulcis Mill DA Webb），杏（P. armeniaca L.）和桃（P. persica L.），以模拟干旱的时间效应。杂种桃×杏仁和野生杏仁亲缘种Prunus webbii也包括在研究中。在三种浇水处理下评估了与光合作用，叶片水分状况和叶绿素含量相关的生理特性。结果表明，时间，基因型和治疗的影响在所有性状中均具有显着的相互作用。此外，结果证实，与商业砧木相比，P。webbii对干旱的耐受性更高。然而，“ Real Fino”杏在再次灌溉后恢复最快，同时也是受影响最大的品种之一。此外，从杏仁基因型对这些浇水处理的响应更好，在再灌溉处理后观察到两个不同的趋势，这些趋势明显区分了杏仁品种“ Garrigue”与其他李属的响应。基因型。通过使用适当的方差-协方差结构的混合模型，可以更好地表征李子的短期干旱响应，对基因型效应进行准确而有效的评估。尽管这些方法的优点很少在李属育种中使用，但育种人员今后应采用这些方法，以提高开发新育种材料的效率。