Abstract

Background

Neurological disorders have been continuously contributing to the global disease burden and affect millions of people worldwide. Researchers strive hard to extract out the ultimate cure and serve for the betterment of the society, and yet the treatments available provide only symptomatic relief. Aging and abnormal mutations seem to be the major culprits responsible for neurotoxicity and neuronal death. One of the major causes of these neurological disorders that has been paid utmost attention recently, is Autophagic Dysfunction.

Aim

The aim of the study was to understand the autophagic process, its impairment in neurological disorders and targeting the impairments as a therapeutic option for the said disorders.

Methods

For the purpose of review, we carried out an extensive literature study to excerpt the series of steps involved in autophagy and to understand the mechanism of autophagic impairment occurring in a range of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders like Parkinson, Alzheimer, Depression, Schizophrenia, Autism etc. The review also involved the exploration of certain molecules that can help in triggering the compromised autophagic members.

Results

We found that, a number of genes, proteins, receptors and transcription factors interplay to bring about autophagy and plethora of neurological disorders are associated with the diminished expression of one or more autophagic member leading to inhibition of autophagy.

Conclusion

Autophagy is a significant process for the removal of misfolded, abnormal, damaged protein aggregates and nonfunctional cell organelles in order to suppress neurodegeneration. Therefore, triggering autophagy could serve as an important therapeutic target to treat neurological disorders.

中文翻译：

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修正神经系统疾病中的自噬功能障碍：一个潜在的治疗靶点

摘要

背景

神经系统疾病一直在加剧全球疾病负担，并影响全球数百万人。研究人员努力寻找最终的治疗方法并为改善社会服务，但可用的治疗方法只能缓解症状。衰老和异常突变似乎是造成神经毒性和神经元死亡的罪魁祸首。最近引起高度关注的这些神经系统疾病的主要原因之一是自噬功能障碍。

目标

该研究的目的是了解自噬过程、其对神经系统疾病的损害，并将这些损害作为上述疾病的治疗选择。

方法

为了回顾的目的，我们进行了广泛的文献研究，以摘录自噬所涉及的一系列步骤，并了解自噬障碍发生在一系列神经退行性和神经精神疾病（如帕金森、阿尔茨海默症、抑郁症、精神分裂症、自闭症等）中的机制. 该审查还涉及对某些有助于触发受损自噬成员的分子的探索。

结果

我们发现，许多基因、蛋白质、受体和转录因子相互作用导致自噬，过多的神经系统疾病与一个或多个自噬成员的表达减少导致自噬抑制有关。

结论

自噬是去除错误折叠、异常、受损的蛋白质聚集体和无功能的细胞器以抑制神经变性的重要过程。因此，触发自噬可以作为治疗神经系统疾病的重要治疗靶点。