Lithium sulfide (Li₂S) is an attractive cathode material for lithium–sulfur batteries due to its matching with the lithium‐metal‐free anode, but limited by its preparation and processing difficulty, low electronic conductivity, and high dissolution of polysulfide intermediates. Herein, a novel, low‐cost, and scalable method (termed as inverse fabrication route) is proposed to directly prepare Li₂S‐based electrodes. This methodology uniformly anchors in situ generated Li₂S nanocrystals with a controllable size of 5–10 nm on the woven carbon fibers (WCF) substrate to fabricate a spatial conductive network structure, which provides continuous high‐speed pathways for electron/ion transport. Furthermore, Li₂S nanocrystals are encapsulated into a nitrogen/fluorine (N/F) codoped carbon framework to directly fabricate a spatial structure of Li₂S‐nanocrystals @ doped‐carbon/WCF (Li₂S @ DC/WCF) composite cathode. N/F codoped carbon yields certain catalytic effects on the electrochemical redox reaction for lithium–sulfur batteries, and N‐containing groups in carbon lead to a strong chemical interaction with Li₂S/lithium polysulfides, thus improving the electrochemical reaction kinetics and suppressing the polysulfide shuttle. Hence, the as‐prepared Li₂S @ DC/WCF composite cathode exhibits a high discharge capacity of 913 mA h g⁻¹ at 0.2C, and the discharge capacity remains at 98% even after 200 cycles at 1C, corresponding to an average capacity decay of 0.01% cycle⁻¹.

中文翻译：

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高稳定性锂硫电池的空间结构阴极上的碳纤维表面掺杂Li2S纳米晶体@掺杂碳的逆向制造

硫化锂（Li ₂ S）由于与无锂金属阳极匹配而成为锂硫电池的有吸引力的正极材料，但由于其制备和加工难度，低电子电导率以及多硫化物中间体的高溶解度而受到限制。本文提出了一种新颖，低成本，可扩展的方法（称为逆制造路线），以直接制备基于Li ₂ S的电极。这种方法在碳纤维编织（WCF）基底上将原位生成的Li ₂ S纳米晶体均匀锚固在5-10 nm的可控制尺寸上，以制造空间导电网络结构，从而为电子/离子传输提供连续的高速路径。此外，李₂S纳米晶体被封装在氮/氟（N / F）共掺杂的碳骨架中，以直接制造Li ₂ S纳米晶体@掺杂的碳/ WCF（Li ₂ S @ DC / WCF）复合阴极的空间结构。N / F共掺杂碳对锂硫电池的电化学氧化还原反应产生一定的催化作用，并且碳中的N导致与Li ₂ S /多硫化锂的强烈化学相互作用，从而改善了电化学反应动力学并抑制了多硫化物梭。因此，所制备的Li ₂ S @ DC / WCF复合阴极表现出913 mA hg ^-1的高放电容量在0.2C下，放电容量即使在1C下经过200次循环也保持在98％，相当于0.01％循环^-1的平均容量衰减。