Aims

Biological, psychosocial and lifestyle risk factors interact in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). To date, the effects of sex, chronic stress (CS) and high-fat diet (HFD) on T2DM and the ability of linalyl acetate (LA) to prevent T2DM have not been determined. This study therefore explored the differential effects of CS and HFD on T2DM, as well as the ability of LA to prevent T2DM development, in male and female rats.

Main methods

T2DM was induced in rats by feeding an HFD and placing them under immobilization stress for 2 h/day for 3 weeks. Low-dose streptozotocin was administered on day 15, and LA was administered for 3 weeks.

Key findings

Fasting blood sugar (FBS) increased in HFD-fed male, but not female, rats. CS further increased FBS in HFD-fed rats, whereas CS alone did not alter FBS. The homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) showed results similar to FBS. Serum corticosterone levels markedly increased only in HFD-fed male rats exposed to CS. Pancreas nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) levels were higher in HFD-fed male rats exposed to CS than in control rats although there were no sex differences. LA 10 mg/kg significantly reduced FBS, serum insulin, HOMA-IR, and serum corticosterone levels in HFD-fed male rats exposed to CS. LA 10 mg/kg also tended to reduce NF-κB in the pancreas and significantly increased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in the liver.

Significance

Male rats are vulnerable to T2DM induced by CS and HFD, and LA can prevent T2DM in these rats not only by reducing insulin resistance and corticosterone levels but by increasing MMP in the liver.

中文翻译：

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对2型糖尿病的性别特异性敏感性和乙酸芳樟酯的预防作用。

目的

生物，心理和生活方式风险因素在2型糖尿病（T2DM）的发展中相互作用。迄今为止，尚未确定性别，慢性应激（CS）和高脂饮食（HFD）对T2DM的影响以及乙酸芳樟酯（LA）预防T2DM的能力。因此，本研究探讨了雌性大鼠中CS和HFD对T2DM的差异作用，以及LA预防T2DM发育的能力。

主要方法

通过喂食HFD并将其置于固定压力下持续2 h / day持续3周，在大鼠中诱导T2DM。在第15天给予低剂量链脲佐菌素，并给予LA 3周。

主要发现

用HFD喂养的雄性大鼠的空腹血糖（FBS）升高，但不雌性大鼠。CS进一步增加了HFD喂养的大鼠的FBS，而单独CS并不能改变FBS。稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）显示的结果与FBS相似。血清皮质酮水平仅在HFD喂养的暴露于CS的雄性大鼠中显着增加。尽管没有性别差异，但HFD喂养的CS雄性大鼠胰腺核因子κB（NF-κB）水平高于对照组。LA 10 mg / kg可以显着降低暴露于CS的HFD喂养雄性大鼠的FBS，血清胰岛素，HOMA-IR和血清皮质酮水平。LA 10 mg / kg还倾向于降低胰腺中的NF-κB并显着增加肝脏中的线粒体膜电位（MMP）。

意义

雄性大鼠很容易受到CS和HFD诱导的T2DM的侵害，LA不仅可以通过降低胰岛素抵抗和皮质酮水平，而且可以通过增加肝脏MMP来预防T2DM。