Abstract With Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) becoming increasingly important to oil and gas well construction, there has been a growing demand for comprehensive models that can accurately describe the well hydraulic dynamics, especially for complex well geometries, High-Pressure High-Temperature (HPHT) conditions, during well control events, etc. To meet this demand, new multi-phase hydraulic models have been developed. However, despite their improvement over the traditional lumped parameter models, these models typically do not consider detailed temperature effects, which markedly influence well hydraulics and need to be explicitly considered for accurate MPD control. The development of a new integrated multi-phase thermal and hydraulic modeling framework is presented in this paper. This integrated model can estimate the mud temperature in the drillstring and the annulus, as well as the temperature variations of the formation during complex well control situations. The model uses a semi-implicit finite volume approach and solves the mixture energy equation for the wellbore fluids, assuming that all the phases are in thermal equilibrium. Heat transfer between the drillstring and wellbore fluids, and between the wellbore fluids and the formation is calculated using thermal resistance networks. The steady-state and transient temperature behaviors during mud circulation are compared to the steady-state analytical model by Hasan and Kabir and commercial software. These comparisons show good agreement for both steady-state and transient cases. To demonstrate the importance of accurate temperature estimation of the drillstring and annulus fluids in HPHT conditions, offshore kick scenarios for non-aqueous drilling fluids and dynamic kick control methods are simulated. Simulation results indicate that the model enables real-time estimation of crucial parameters during well control, such as the wellbore pressure and temperature profiles, increased outflow and pit gain during kicks, gas thermodynamic behavior including solubility and unloading behavior at low pressure conditions, gas rising velocity, and temperature-dependent formation strength.

中文翻译：

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控制压力钻井作业中的温度动态及其对气体涌入处理的影响

摘要 随着控压钻井 (MPD) 在油气井建设中变得越来越重要，对能够准确描述井水动力学的综合模型的需求不断增长，特别是对于复杂的井几何形状、高压高温 (HPHT) ) 条件、井控事件期间等。为了满足这一需求，已经开发了新的多相水力模型。然而，尽管它们比传统的集总参数模型有所改进，但这些模型通常不考虑详细的温度效应，这显着影响井水力学，需要明确考虑精确的 MPD 控制。本文介绍了一种新的集成多相热力和水力建模框架的开发。这种集成模型可以估计钻柱和环空中的泥浆温度，以及复杂井控情况下地层的温度变化。该模型使用半隐式有限体积方法求解井眼流体的混合能量方程，假设所有相都处于热平衡状态。钻柱与井筒流体之间以及井筒流体与地层之间的热传递使用热阻网络计算。泥浆循环过程中的稳态和瞬态温度行为与 Hasan 和 Kabir 以及商业软件的稳态分析模型进行了比较。这些比较对于稳态和瞬态情况都显示出良好的一致性。为了证明在 HPHT 条件下准确估计钻柱和环空流体温度的重要性，模拟了非水钻井液的海上井涌场景和动​​态井涌控制方法。仿真结果表明，该模型能够实时估算井控过程中的关键参数，例如井筒压力和温度分布、井涌期间增加的流出量和坑增益、气体热力学行为（包括低压条件下的溶解度和卸载行为）、气体上升速度和与温度有关的地层强度。