Abstract Although the multiphase coexistence has made great achievements in improving the piezoelectric properties of barium titanate-based (BT) ceramics, the problems such as internal lattice distortion and external physical mechanism at the phase boundary still remain. Here, we have studied the phase structure, atomic parameters and domain structure of (1-x)BaTiO3-xCaZrO3 (abbreviated as BT-xCZ) ceramics. By regulating the phase transition temperatures, the rhombohedral-orthorhombic-tetragonal (R-O-T) multiphase coexistence (x = 0.06) is realized at room temperature. Notably, high piezoelectric constant of d33 ∼ 445 ± 20 pC/N and large electromechanical coupling factor of kp = 55% are obtained at x = 0.06. With the doping of CaZrO3 (CZ), the lattice of ceramics is distorted, thereby increasing the ferroelectricity and piezoelectricity. Importantly, the domain structure of BT-xCZ ceramics observed by the acid etching technology further proves that the high piezoelectricity is attributed to the multiphase coexistence and reduction of the domain wall energy density.

中文翻译：

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从内部晶格畸变和域特征探索具有多相共存 (ROT) 的高性能 (1​​-x)BaTiO3-xCaZrO3 压电陶瓷

摘要 尽管多相共存在提高钛酸钡基（BT）陶瓷的压电性能方面取得了很大的成就，但相界处的内部晶格畸变和外部物理机制等问题仍然存在。在这里，我们研究了(1-x)BaTiO3-xCaZrO3（简称BT-xCZ）陶瓷的相结构、原子参数和畴结构。通过调节相变温度，在室温下实现了菱形-正交-四边形 (ROT) 多相共存 (x = 0.06)。值得注意的是，在 x = 0.06 处获得了 d33 ∼ 445 ± 20 pC/N 的高压电常数和 kp = 55% 的大机电耦合因子。随着CaZrO3(CZ)的掺杂，陶瓷的晶格被扭曲，从而增加了铁电性和压电性。