With the development of modern industry, heavy metal pollution is one of the most important environmental issues. Due to its simplicity and low-cost, adsorption is considered as a green and environmental friendly method to remove heavy metals from industrial effluents. Sodium alginate is a natural polysaccharide, which consists of abundant hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, has been widely reported as the raw material for the adsorption of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. By surface grafting and cross-linking, adsorbents synthesized from sodium alginate have exhibited large uptake capacities as well as high removal rates for heavy metal ions. However, the poor physical strength and plain thermostability have significantly limited the utilization of sodium alginate based materials in industrial applications. Moreover, reductions of specific metal ions were observed in some studies, of which the reduction mechanism is not clearly clarified. In this work, the development of sodium alginate based adsorbents was summarized, including the physicochemical properties of the polymer, the modification of sodium alginate, sodium alginate based composite materials, and the adsorption behaviors as well as the mechanism. Chelation, electrostatic interaction, ion exchange, reduction and photocatalytic reduction were involved in the adsorption process, which can be determined by chemical characterization with further elucidation by density functional theory calculation. Finally, the limitations of sodium alginate based adsorbents were revealed with suggestions for future research.

随着现代工业的发展，重金属污染已成为最重要的环境问题之一。由于其简单性和低成本，吸附被认为是一种绿色环保的方法，可从工业废水中去除重金属。海藻酸钠是一种天然多糖，由丰富的羟基和羧基组成，已被广泛报道为从水溶液中吸附重金属的原料。通过表面接枝和交联，由藻酸钠合成的吸附剂显示出大的吸收能力以及对重金属离子的高去除率。然而，差的物理强度和普通的热稳定性大大限制了海藻酸钠基材料在工业应用中的利用。此外，在一些研究中观察到特定金属离子的还原，但还原机理尚不清楚。在这项工作中，总结了海藻酸钠基吸附剂的发展，包括聚合物的理化性质，海藻酸钠的改性，海藻酸钠基复合材料的吸附行为以及机理。吸附过程涉及螯合，静电相互作用，离子交换，还原和光催化还原，这可以通过化学表征确定，并通过密度泛函理论计算进一步阐明。最后，揭示了藻酸钠基吸附剂的局限性，并提出了进一步研究的建议。在这项工作中，总结了海藻酸钠基吸附剂的发展，包括聚合物的理化性质，海藻酸钠的改性，海藻酸钠基复合材料的吸附行为以及机理。吸附过程涉及螯合，静电相互作用，离子交换，还原和光催化还原，这可以通过化学表征确定，并通过密度泛函理论计算进一步阐明。最后，揭示了藻酸钠基吸附剂的局限性，并提出了进一步研究的建议。在这项工作中，总结了海藻酸钠基吸附剂的发展，包括聚合物的理化性质，海藻酸钠的改性，海藻酸钠基复合材料的吸附行为以及机理。吸附过程涉及螯合，静电相互作用，离子交换，还原和光催化还原，这可以通过化学表征确定，并通过密度泛函理论计算进一步阐明。最后，揭示了藻酸钠基吸附剂的局限性，并提出了进一步研究的建议。以及吸附行为和机理。吸附过程涉及螯合，静电相互作用，离子交换，还原和光催化还原，这可以通过化学表征确定，并通过密度泛函理论计算进一步阐明。最后，揭示了藻酸钠基吸附剂的局限性，并提出了进一步研究的建议。以及吸附行为和机理。吸附过程涉及螯合，静电相互作用，离子交换，还原和光催化还原，这可以通过化学表征确定，并通过密度泛函理论计算进一步阐明。最后，揭示了藻酸钠基吸附剂的局限性，并提出了进一步研究的建议。