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Calibration of organic-diffusive gradients in thin films (o-DGT) passive samplers for perfluorinated alkyl acids in water
Chemosphere ( IF 8.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128325
Po Wang , Jonathan K. Challis , Kim H. Luong , Trisha C. Vera , Charles S. Wong

The application of the organic-diffusive gradients in thin films (o-DGT) passive sampling technique for the monitoring of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the environment is still limited. Six typical PFAS with different chain lengths were evaluated in water by o-DGT. Measured diffusion coefficients (D) in agarose and polyacrylamide diffusive gels ranged from 4.55–8.63×10-6 cm2 s-1 and 3.85–7.00×10-6 cm2 s-1 at 23 °C, respectively. Experimental sampling rates (Rs) for both agarose- and polyacrylamide-WAX sampler configurations were within 22% relative error of D-based Rs for the four PFAS. Larger differences for perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS) and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) ranged from 36% to 56%. In general, in-situ Rs using measured D-values can be predicted for perfluorinated alkyl acids. The mass accumulation of six PFAS in two o-DGT configurations was linear over 21 days (R2 ≥ 0.97). The diffusion and uptake of o-DGT depends on the gel type and the compound itself. Field demonstrations of o-DGT with WAX and HLB binding gels and polyacrylamide diffusive gels (not prone to biodegradation) found 0.3–19.5 ng L-1 of PFAS in rivers near industrial areas around Guangzhou and Foshan, China, with no apparent differences between the two co-deployed samplers. This study demonstrates that the configurations of o-DGT tested provide a cost-effective monitoring tool for measuring perfluorinated alkyl acids in aquatic systems, in particular the four PFAS for which reasonable correlations were observed.

更新日期:2020-09-14
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