Cognitive function is impaired by increased consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD). Also, HFD consumption can alter hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) metabolism. H₂S is an important signaling molecule with antioxidant effects that regulates multiple functions in the brain. In the present study, we investigated the effect of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, an H₂S donor) on cognitive impairment and oxidative stress changes induced by HFD consumption. Following 11 weeks of HFD regimes in Wistar rats, elevated plus-maze (EPM), Morris water maze (MWM), and passive avoidance learning (PAL) tasks were used to evaluate the anxiety-like behavior and spatial and passive learning and memory, respectively. Daily intraperitoneal injection of NaHS was done during the dietary regimen. Serum and hippocampal oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidant status (TOS)) were measured. We demonstrated that treatment with NaHS ameliorated the impairment in the retrieval of reference memory and passive avoidance learning. Moreover, HFD increased anxiety-like behavior, which was reversed by the administration of NaHS. Additionally, the increase in MDA and TOS and the decrease in TAC induced by HFD in the serum and hippocampus were significantly reduced following administration of NaHS. These results indicate that NaHS could significantly ameliorate HFD-induced spatial and passive learning and memory impairment and anxiety-like behavior, at least in part, via its antioxidant activities. Therefore, the administration of NaHS can provide a therapeutic approach for HFD-induced memory impairment.

认知功能因高脂肪饮食 (HFD) 消耗的增加而受损。此外，HFD 消耗可以改变硫化氢 (H ₂ S) 代谢。H ₂ S 是一种重要的信号分子，具有抗氧化作用，可调节大脑中的多种功能。在本研究中，我们研究了硫氢化钠（NaHS，H ₂S 供体）对 HFD 消耗引起的认知障碍和氧化应激变化的影响。在 Wistar 大鼠进行 11 周的 HFD 方案后，使用高架十字迷宫 (EPM)、莫里斯水迷宫 (MWM) 和被动回避学习 (PAL) 任务来评估焦虑样行为以及空间和被动学习和记忆，分别。在饮食方案期间进行每日腹膜内注射 NaHS。测量血清和海马氧化应激生物标志物（丙二醛（MDA）、总抗氧化能力（TAC）和总氧化状态（TOS））。我们证明了 NaHS 治疗改善了参考记忆检索和被动回避学习的损害。此外，HFD 增加了焦虑样行为，而这被 NaHS 的管理所逆转。此外，在给予 NaHS 后，血清和海马中 MDA 和 TOS 的增加以及 HFD 引起的 TAC 的减少显着降低。这些结果表明 NaHS 可以显着改善 HFD 诱导的空间和被动学习记忆障碍和焦虑样行为，至少部分是通过其抗氧化活性。因此，给予 NaHS 可以为 HFD 引起的记忆障碍提供一种治疗方法。