Whiteflies and spider mites are amongst the most harmful eggplant (Solanum melongena) pests. Considering the need for reduction of chemical applications for whitefly and spider mite control, the exploitation of wild relatives of eggplant as sources of pest resistances represents an important strategy in order to improve cultivated eggplant. The objectives of this study were to evaluate 15 accessions from 11 species of eggplant wild relatives together with seven S. melongena accessions for resistance to sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and to two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae). Resistance to whitefly was evaluated based on number of eggs, nymph, puparium and whitefly adults in a choice bioassay, while for two-spotted spider mite it was based on leaf damage scores in the choice and no-choice bioassays. The results revealed significantly (P < 0.05) different levels of resistance to the two pests among the accessions evaluated. Considering all screening parameters in the whitefly choice bioassay, the highest levels of resistance in wild eggplant relatives were detected in Solanum dasyphyllum (DAS1) and S. pyracanthos (PYR1), although one of the cultivated S. melongena (MEL2) accessions also displayed similar resistance levels. In addition, S. campylacanthum (CAM8) and S. tomentosum TOM1 were also resistant to whitefly based on numbers of puparium and adult whiteflies. Two accessions of S. sisymbriifolium (SIS1 and SIS2) exhibited strong resistance to two-spotted spider mite based on the choice and no-choice bioassays. High levels of spider mite resistance were also detected in the no-choice assay in S. dasyphyllum (DAS1) and S. torvum (TOR2) accessions. These resistant accessions can be used in pre-breeding program aiming to breed pest-resistant cultivars in cultivated eggplant. Moreover, to our knowledge, this study represents the first report on potential sources of resistance to whitefly and two-spotted spider mite in wild relatives of eggplant.

中文翻译：

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筛选栽培茄子和野生近缘种对甘薯粉虱（Bemisia tabaci）和二斑叶螨（Tetranychus urticae）的抗性

粉虱和红蜘蛛是最有害的茄子 (Solanum melongena) 害虫之一。考虑到需要减少用于控制粉虱和红蜘蛛的化学品应用，利用茄子的野生近缘种作为害虫抗性来源代表了改善栽培茄子的重要策略。本研究的目的是评估来自 11 个茄子野生近缘种的 15 个种质以及 7 个 S. melongena 种质对甘薯粉虱（Bemisia tabaci）和二斑叶螨（Tetranychus urticae）的抗性。在选择生物测定中，根据卵、若虫、蛹和粉虱成虫的数量评估对粉虱的抗性，而对于二斑叶螨，则基于选择和非选择生物测定中的叶片损伤评分。结果表明，所评估的种质对两种害虫的抗性水平存在显着差异（P < 0.05）。考虑到粉虱选择生物测定中的所有筛选参数，在茄属 (DAS1) 和 S. pyracanthos (PYR1) 中检测到野生茄子近缘种的最高水平的抗性，尽管其中一个栽培的 S. melongena (MEL2) 种质也表现出类似的阻力水平。此外，根据蛹和成年粉虱的数量，S. campylacanthum (CAM8) 和 S. tomentosum TOM1 也对粉虱具有抗性。基于选择和非选择生物测定，S. sisymbriifolium 的两个种质（SIS1 和 SIS2）表现出对二斑叶螨的强抗性。在 S. dasyphyllum (DAS1) 和 S. torvum (TOR2) 种质。这些抗性种质可用于预育计划，旨在在栽培茄子中培育抗病虫害品种。此外，据我们所知，这项研究是关于茄子野生近缘种对粉虱和二斑叶螨的潜在抗性来源的首次报告。