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The effects of predation on the condition of soft corals
Coral Reefs ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-28 , DOI: 10.1007/s00338-020-01967-x
Stephanie Garra , April Hall , Michael J. Kingsford

Soft corals are well known for producing toxic and unpalatable compounds to deter predation. In spite of these antipredation defences, a suite of specialised predators has coevolved to feed on soft corals. Direct quantification of this predation, however, has been minimal and the influence of predation on soft corals is yet to be investigated. In this study, the intensity and importance of predation by fishes on soft corals were evaluated across two locations using descriptive and experimental approaches. Thirty-six percent of soft coral colonies surveyed in the Palm Islands were found to have bite marks, with up to 40 bite marks observed on a single colony. Soft coral was also the major dietary component of the two fish species studied, representing up to 90% of bites taken by Chaetodon melannotus and 87% of bites by Neoglyphidodon melas, despite constituting less than 30% of the substratum. Simulated predation in manipulative experiments was found to have no clear effects on colony condition for two soft coral genera of contrasting morphology (Litophyton: branching and upright colonies, and Lobophytum: massive and lobate colonies). Both species showed a high capacity for recovery, with bites healing over the duration of the experiments and in most instances within 31 days. In contrast to the widespread assumption that predatory interactions between fishes and soft corals are minimal, the results of this study indicate that predation can be intense but is not immediately important to soft coral colonies under current climatic conditions.

中文翻译:

捕食对软珊瑚状况的影响

众所周知,软珊瑚会产生有毒和难吃的化合物来阻止捕食。尽管有这些反捕食防御措施,一组专门的捕食者还是共同进化为以软珊瑚为食。然而,这种捕食的直接量化是最小的,捕食对软珊瑚的影响还有待调查。在这项研究中,使用描述性和实验性方法在两个地点评估了鱼类对软珊瑚的捕食的强度和重要性。在棕榈岛调查的软珊瑚群中有 36% 被发现有咬痕,在单个群落上观察到多达 40 个咬痕。软珊瑚也是所研究的两种鱼类的主要饮食成分,占黑毛角鲨咬伤的 90% 和新白毛螟咬伤的 87%,尽管占基质的不到 30%。发现操纵实验中的模拟捕食对两种形态不同的软珊瑚属(Litophyton:分枝和直立菌落,和 Lobophytum:大型和叶状菌落)的菌落条件没有明显影响。这两个物种都表现出很高的恢复能力,咬伤在实验期间愈合,并且在大多数情况下在 31 天内愈合。与普遍认为鱼类和软珊瑚之间的掠食性相互作用很小的假设相反,这项研究的结果表明,捕食可能很激烈,但在当前气候条件下对软珊瑚群落并不重要。发现操纵实验中的模拟捕食对两种形态不同的软珊瑚属(Litophyton:分枝和直立菌落,和 Lobophytum:大型和叶状菌落)的菌落条件没有明显影响。这两个物种都表现出很高的恢复能力,咬伤在实验期间愈合,并且在大多数情况下在 31 天内愈合。与普遍认为鱼类和软珊瑚之间的掠食性相互作用很小的假设相反,这项研究的结果表明,捕食可能很激烈,但在当前气候条件下对软珊瑚群落并不重要。发现操纵实验中的模拟捕食对两种形态不同的软珊瑚属(Litophyton:分枝和直立菌落,和 Lobophytum:大型和叶状菌落)的菌落条件没有明显影响。这两个物种都表现出很高的恢复能力,咬伤在实验期间愈合,大多数情况下在 31 天内。与普遍认为鱼类和软珊瑚之间的掠食性相互作用很小的假设相反,这项研究的结果表明,捕食可能很激烈,但在当前气候条件下对软珊瑚群落并不重要。咬伤在实验期间愈合,并且在大多数情况下在 31 天内愈合。与普遍认为鱼类和软珊瑚之间的掠食性相互作用很小的假设相反,这项研究的结果表明,捕食可能很激烈,但在当前气候条件下对软珊瑚群落并不重要。在实验过程中咬伤愈合,并且在大多数情况下在 31 天内愈合。与普遍认为鱼类和软珊瑚之间的掠食性相互作用很小的假设相反,这项研究的结果表明,捕食可能很激烈,但在当前气候条件下对软珊瑚群落并不重要。
更新日期:2020-07-28
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