ABSTRACT Nowadays there is an increasing demand of engineering nanoparticles – ENPs – thanking the excellent characteristics and properties of the products in which nanoparticles (NPs) are used. On the other hand, many are the unresolved questions about their potential adverse health and environmental impacts arising from exposure to these innovative materials. The growing utilisation of ENPs in consumer and industrial products have led to a potential increase of human exposure, thus raising concerns of many scientists and governments regarding health risks to workers and the public. Research on the impact of ENPs is strongly hampered by a lack of reliable tools to detect, visualise, and quantitatively trace particles movement and transfer in complex environmental and biological systems. The research tries to give some answers in this field using many different analytical techniques. In this paper, the types of information that can be obtained using nuclear techniques will be presented, with some examples of applications related to studies with metallic NPs.

中文翻译：

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核化学和放射化学在纳米安全研究中的作用

摘要 如今，由于使用纳米粒子 (NPs) 的产品具有出色的特性和性能，因此对工程纳米粒子——ENPs 的需求不断增加。另一方面，许多未解决的问题是关于暴露于这些创新材料对健康和环境的潜在不利影响。在消费品和工业产品中越来越多地使用 ENP 导致人类暴露的潜在增加，从而引起许多科学家和政府对工人和公众健康风险的担忧。由于缺乏可靠的工具来检测、可视化和定量跟踪复杂环境和生物系统中的粒子运动和转移，对 ENP 影响的研究受到严重阻碍。该研究试图使用许多不同的分析技术在该领域给出一些答案。在本文中，将介绍使用核技术可以获得的信息类型，以及一些与金属纳米颗粒研究相关的应用示例。