Abstract Phase separation control is an important factor to prepare a porous monolith by an aqueous sol–gel reaction. Here, we report a surfactant-free synthesis method to obtain hydrophobic polymethylsilsesquioxane aerogels by copolymerizing a cationic-functionalized alkoxysilane N-trimethoxysilylpropyl-N,N,N-trimethylammonium chloride. The resultant materials have low-density, high visible-light transmittance, and high thermal insulating equivalent to those of prepared under the presence of surfactant.

中文翻译：

---

使用具有离子基团的烷氧基硅烷通过无表面活性剂的方法制备疏水性聚甲基倍半硅氧烷气凝胶

摘要 相分离控制是通过水溶胶-凝胶反应制备多孔整料的重要因素。在这里，我们报告了一种无表面活性剂的合成方法，通过共聚阳离子官能化烷氧基硅烷 N-三甲氧基甲硅烷基丙基-N,N,N-三甲基氯化铵来获得疏水性聚甲基倍半硅氧烷气凝胶。所得材料具有与在表面活性剂存在下制备的材料相当的低密度、高可见光透射率和高绝热性。