Abstract Mg2+ and Zr4+ co-doped TiO2 was synthesized by sol–gel method. Catalysts were characterized by XRD, UV–vis DRS, SEM-EDX, TEM, BET, XPS and FT-IR to evaluate the crystal patterns and crystallite size (5.07–18.9 nm), bandgap energy, morphology, surface area, surface composition with oxidation states and incorporation of dopants into TiO2 lattice. Degradation of methylene blue was carried out under visible light irradiation by varying the reaction parameters such as initial dye concentration, catalyst loading and pH of the solution. 1.0 wt% Mg2+ and 0.25 wt% Zr4+ codoped TiO2 was found to be an efficient catalyst.

中文翻译：

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Mg 2+ 和Zr 4+ 共掺杂TiO 2 纳米材料降解亚甲基蓝的合成、表征及可见光光催化活性

摘要 采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了Mg2+和Zr4+共掺杂的TiO2。通过 XRD、UV-vis DRS、SEM-EDX、TEM、BET、XPS 和 FT-IR 对催化剂进行表征，以评估晶体图案和微晶尺寸（5.07-18.9 nm）、带隙能量、形态、表面积、表面组成与氧化态和掺杂剂掺入 TiO2 晶格。亚甲基蓝的降解是在可见光照射下通过改变反应参数如初始染料浓度、催化剂负载和溶液的 pH 值来进行的。发现 1.0 wt% Mg2+ 和 0.25 wt% Zr4+ 共掺杂的 TiO2 是一种有效的催化剂。