Abstract Cordierite ceramic membranes were manufactured from natural clay, oxides and organic wastes as pore forming agents. Mixtures aforementioned materials with the pore-forming agents (up to 10 wt.%) were investigated in the range 1000–1200 °C using thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, mercury porosimetry and filtration tests. Physical properties (density, water absorption and bending strength) were correlated to the processing factors (pore-forming agent addition, firing temperature and soaking time). The results showed that cordierite together with spinel, diopside and clinoenstatite neoformed. SEM analysis revealed heterogeneous aspects. The results of the response surface methodology showed that the variations of physical properties versus processing parameters were well described by the used polynomial model. The addition of pore forming agent and temperature were the most influential factors. Filtration tests were performed on the best performing sample. The results allowed to testify that these membranes could be used in waste water treatment.

中文翻译：

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使用天然有机废物作为造孔剂的近晶粘土陶瓷膜含有堇青石

摘要 堇青石陶瓷膜是由天然粘土、氧化物和有机废物作为造孔剂制成的。使用热分析、X 射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、汞孔隙率测定法和过滤测试，在 1000-1200°C 范围内研究了上述材料与成孔剂（高达 10 wt.%）的混合物。物理性能（密度、吸水率和弯曲强度）与加工因素（成孔剂添加、烧制温度和浸泡时间）相关。结果表明，堇青石与尖晶石、透辉石和斜辉石一起新生。SEM 分析揭示了异质方面。响应面方法的结果表明，所使用的多项式模型很好地描述了物理特性与加工参数的变化。造孔剂的添加量和温度是影响最大的因素。对性能最好的样品进行了过滤测试。结果证明这些膜可用于废水处理。