ABSTRACT Since the conquest of Andalusia by the Arab-Berber Muslim and the establishment of the Umayyad Caliphate in the eighth century until the fall of Granada in the fifteenth century, the history of the Maghreb was closely linked to that of Andalusia. The mixing of populations of different ethnic groups gave birth to a civilization, which spread throughout the world by its science and culture. This civilization has particularly favoured the development of an original, rich and varied art that integrated geometry in the construction of complex patterns that appear on the architectural ornament. This form of art has evolved over centuries from simple drawings to complex geometry involving a high degree of symmetry.

中文翻译：

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西方伊斯兰世界艺术和建筑的对称性

摘要自八世纪阿拉伯-柏柏尔穆斯林征服安达卢西亚和倭马亚哈里发国建立到十五世纪格拉纳达陷落后，马格里布的历史与安达卢西亚的历史密切相关。不同民族的人口混合孕育了一种文明，并以其科学和文化传播到世界各地。这种文明特别有利于发展一种原始的、丰富的、多变的艺术，将几何学融入建筑装饰中出现的复杂图案的构造中。几个世纪以来，这种艺术形式已经从简单的绘画演变为涉及高度对称的复杂几何图形。