ABSTRACT The separation of zinc and iron is essential in hydrometallurgical processes, especially for treating high-iron sphalerite. The hematite precipitation process for removing iron is an effective way to achieve the high-efficiency separation of zinc and iron. The authors studied the effect of temperature and time on the precipitation behaviour and characterised the precipitation products through X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and chemical analysis. The hematite precipitate contained more than 50% iron, less than 0.5% zinc, 0.1% arsenic and 5% sulfur; more than 95% K, 50% Na and 50%–60% F were co-precipitated, and less than 1% Zn, Mg, Mn and Cl remained in the residue. Because of the uncontrolled supersaturation conditions, jarosite and goethite were generated. Extension of the reaction time and increasing the reaction temperature enabled conversion of most of the goethite and sodium jarosite to hematite during the hematite precipitation process.

中文翻译：

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湿法冶金生产中赤铁矿除铁工艺的行为与表征

摘要锌和铁的分离在湿法冶金过程中是必不可少的，特别是对于高铁闪锌矿的处理。赤铁矿沉淀除铁工艺是实现锌铁高效分离的有效途径。作者研究了温度和时间对沉淀行为的影响，并通过 X 射线衍射、X 射线光电子能谱、扫描电子显微镜和化学分析表征了沉淀产物。赤铁矿沉淀含铁50%以上，锌0.5%以下，砷0.1%，硫5%；超过 95% 的 K、50% 的 Na 和 50%–60% 的 F 共沉淀，残留物中残留的 Zn、Mg、Mn 和 Cl 不到 1%。由于不受控制的过饱和条件，产生了黄钾铁矾和针铁矿。