Abstract

This paper presents a brief analysis of the photovoltaic (PV) modules that are currently commercially available. The most used calculation formulas and measurement procedures used for evaluating the power characteristics of photovoltaic PV modules are given. The possible causes of power losses of solar cells and modules are described, including losses caused by design features. The theoretical calculations and experimental results of measuring the characteristics of silicon PV arrays with changing surface irradiance are compared. The calculated and experimental dependences of the power output variation of the ISM-50 photovoltaic module with changing its tilt angle are presented. It is shown that there is a significant discrepancy between theoretical studies and experimental results. A hypothesis has been put forward about the dependence of a real decrease in power characteristics and refraction indices of PV array protective coatings. An adjustment factor is proposed taking into account the decrease in the solar radiation output on the silicon photocell surface when passing through the antireflective protective coatings of the PV module. The conclusions drawn from the results of this work indicate that the identified factors affecting the electricity generation by photovoltaic converters need to be considered.

中文翻译：

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改变阵列表面辐照度的光伏阵列特性研究

摘要

本文简要介绍了目前可商购的光伏（PV）模块。给出了用于评估光伏PV组件功率特性的最常用的计算公式和测量程序。描述了太阳能电池和模块功率损耗的可能原因，包括由设计特征引起的损耗。比较了在表面辐照度变化的情况下测量硅光伏阵列特性的理论计算和实验结果。给出了ISM-50光伏模块功率输出变化随其倾斜角变化的计算和实验相关性。结果表明，理论研究与实验结果之间存在显着差异。已经提出了关于PV阵列保护涂层的功率特性和折射率的实际降低的依赖性的假设。考虑到当穿过光伏组件的抗反射保护涂层时，在硅光电电池表面上输出的太阳辐射的减少，提出了一种调整系数。从这项工作的结果得出的结论表明，需要考虑已确定的影响光伏转换器发电的因素。