Ethanol exposure during development is associated with deficient social behavior, such as aggressive behavior, and ethanol consumption is associated with violent crimes, thus raising the possibility that individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder may exhibit exacerbated social deficits in response to ethanol exposure. The present study evaluated the effects of ethanol exposure during the brain growth spurt period (i.e., a critical time period during which ethanol's effects are augmented) on aggressive behavior and ethanol‐induced aggression during adolescence. From postnatal Day 2 (PD2) to PD8, Swiss mice received either ethanol (5 g/kg, i.p.) or saline on alternate days. On PD39, aggressive behavior was assessed using the resident‐intruder paradigm in male mice, and social dominance was investigated using the tube dominance test in both males and females. Testis structure and testosterone levels were evaluated in male mice. Early ethanol exposure increased the gonadosomatic index and the number of Leydig cells. The thickness of the seminiferous tube decreased. No difference in testosterone levels was found. The ethanol‐exposed resident mice exhibited increased number and duration of aggressive episodes only when challenged with a low ethanol dose (1 g/kg) before confrontation. Female mice early‐exposed to ethanol won more confrontations in the tube dominance test. The present findings suggest a critical brain growth spurt period that is susceptible to ethanol‐induced alterations of social dominance behavior in females. Although basal levels of aggression were unaffected, early ethanol exposure resulted in greater susceptibility to ethanol‐induced aggression in adolescent male mice.

中文翻译：

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大脑生长突增期乙醇暴露增加了青春期雄性小鼠乙醇诱导的攻击行为

发育过程中的乙醇暴露与有缺陷的社会行为有关，例如攻击性行为，而乙醇消费与暴力犯罪有关，因此增加了胎儿酒精谱系障碍个体可能因乙醇暴露而表现出加剧的社会缺陷的可能性。本研究评估了大脑生长突增期（即乙醇作用增强的关键时期）接触乙醇对青春期攻击行为和乙醇诱导的攻击行为的影响。从出生后第 2 天 (PD2) 到 PD8，瑞士小鼠隔天接受乙醇（5 g/kg，ip）或生理盐水。在 PD39 上，使用雄性小鼠的常驻入侵者范式评估攻击行为，使用男性和女性的管优势测试来研究社会优势。在雄性小鼠中评估睾丸结构和睾酮水平。早期乙醇暴露增加了性腺指数和 Leydig 细胞的数量。生精管的厚度减少。未发现睾酮水平差异。只有在对抗前用低乙醇剂量 (1 g/kg) 挑战时，暴露于乙醇的常驻小鼠才表现出增加的攻击性发作次数和持续时间。早期暴露于乙醇的雌性小鼠在试管优势测试中赢得了更多的对抗。目前的研究结果表明，一个关键的大脑生长突增期很容易受到乙醇诱导的女性社会支配行为改变的影响。虽然攻击的基础水平不受影响，