Recently, our preliminary research showed that 40–80 % of dietary fishmeal (FM, 30 %) could be successfully replaced by the terrestrial compound protein (CPro) in the carnivorous marine teleost, . Here, to further confirm the feasibility of CPro and evaluate their environmental benefits, another 8-week feeding trial was performed using the large size (initial body weight about 79 g) and three isoproteic (46 %) and isolipidic (11.5 %) formula diets (D1-D3) or ice fresh trash fish (D0), where a total of 240 fish were randomly distributed into 4 floating cages at sea and each with 60 fish. D1 contained 30 % FM (control); D2 and D3 contained 18 % and 6 % FM, respectively, where 40 % and 80 % FM was replaced by CPro I and CPro II. The results showed that growth index like weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), feed conversion ratio (FCR), as well as flesh textural parameters including cooking percentage (CP), water holding capacity (WHC) and textural parameters (except tenderness), and amino acids composition of flesh in fish fed D2 and D3 showed no difference or even improved values compared with those of fish fed D1 ( > 0.05). Moreover, cost per kg of fish produced (CFP) in D2 and D3 group was only 90.25 % and 68.46 % of D1 group. In addition, the nitrogen (NRE) and phosphorus retention efficiency (PRE) of fish fed D1-D3 were significantly higher than those of fish fed D0, whereas the opposite was true for total nitrogen (TNW) and total phosphorus wastes output (TPW) ( < 0.05). Meanwhile, fish fed D3 exhibited the highest NRE and PRE, and the lowest TNW. These results demonstrated that fish fed D2 (18 % FM) and D3 (6 % FM) with 40 % and 80 % replacement of dietary FM by terrestrial compound proteins displayed no negative effects on growth performance and flesh quality, but better farming income and environmental benefits, especially for the 6 % FM group.

中文翻译：

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用陆生复合蛋白高比例替代鱼粉的饮食在肉食性海洋硬骨鱼（Trachinotus ovatus）中表现出更好的养殖收入和环境效益


最近，我们的初步研究表明，肉食性海洋硬骨鱼中40-80%的膳食鱼粉（FM，30%）可以成功地被陆生复合蛋白（CPro）替代。在此，为了进一步证实CPro的可行性并评估其环境效益，使用大规格（初始体重约79克）和三种等蛋白（46％）和异脂类（11.5％）配方饲料进行了另一项为期8周的喂养试验（D1-D3）或冰鲜杂鱼（D0），总共240条鱼被随机分配到海上的4个浮网中，每个网箱有60条鱼。 D1 含有 30% FM（对照）； D2 和 D3 分别含有 18% 和 6% FM，其中 40% 和 80% FM 被 CPro I 和 CPro II 取代。结果显示，增重（WG）、特定生长率（SGR）、蛋白质效率（PER）、饲料转化率（FCR）等生长指标，以及蒸煮率（CP）、持水力等果肉质构参数与饲喂 D1 的鱼相比，饲喂 D2 和 D3 的鱼的肉质参数（WHC）、质构参数（嫩度除外）和氨基酸组成没有差异，甚至有所改善（> 0.05）。而且，D2和D3组的每公斤鱼生产成本（CFP）仅为D1组的90.25%和68.46%。此外，饲喂D1-D3的鱼的氮（NRE）和磷保留效率（PRE）显着高于饲喂D0的鱼，而总氮（TNW）和总磷废物产出（TPW）则相反（<0.05）。同时，饲喂 D3 的鱼表现出最高的 NRE 和 PRE，以及最低的 TNW。 这些结果表明，饲喂 D2（18% FM）和 D3（6% FM）并用陆地复合蛋白替代膳食 FM 40% 和 80% 的鱼对生长性能和肉质没有负面影响，但养殖收入和环境更好好处，特别是对于 6% FM 群体。