In this paper, the common damage types of tuyere were sampled and analyzed. Specifically, the element content in tuyere was measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Source Mass Spectrometer, Nitrogen-Hydrogen-Oxygen Analyzer, and Carbon-Sulfur analyzer. Then, Scanning Electron Microscope was used to analyze the microstructure of tuyere damage, and the element distribution of the damaged area was observed by Energy Dispersive Spectrometer. Finally, a metallographical analysis of the damaged location was carried out by an optical microscope. On account of those above analyses, the following results were obtained: firstly, the tuyere damage was mainly caused by erosion. After that, the grains at the hot surface and melting area of the tuyere were large, while those in the middle region were small. The content of the impurity element in tuyere nose increased, and the content of copper decreased. Moreover, there were two interfaces of slag-copper and iron-copper in the damaged area, and the Cu–Fe alloy was formed. At last, the failure mechanism of blast furnace tuyere erosion was explained in the paper.

本文对风口的常见损坏类型进行了采样和分析。具体地，通过电感耦合等离子体源质谱仪，氮氢氧分析仪和碳硫分析仪测量风口中的元素含量。然后，用扫描电子显微镜分析风口损伤的微观结构，并用能量色散谱仪观察损伤部位的元素分布。最后，通过光学显微镜对受损位置进行金相分析。综合以上分析，得出以下结论：首先，风口损坏主要是由于侵蚀造成的。之后，风口的热表面和熔化区域的晶粒较大，而中部区域的晶粒较小。风口中的杂质元素含量增加，而铜的含量下降。此外，在受损区域有渣铜和铁铜两个界面，形成了Cu-Fe合金。最后，阐述了高炉风口侵蚀的破坏机理。