The effects of environmental factors, such as particle size, covering depth, and pH, on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in silica sand filled with a 3% NaCl solution were investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization measurements.

The corrosion rate initially decreased with the decrease in the oxygen concentration near the steel surface, which was a result of the consumption of the dissolved oxygen during the corrosion reaction. The corrosion rate became constant at approximately 10 μm y^-1 regardless of the particle size and covering thickness. At the steady state, both the anodic reaction (iron dissolution) and cathodic reaction (oxygen reduction) appeared to be suppressed by the formation of an oxide film on the steel surface. In the silica sand filled with non-buffer and buffer solutions of pH 3–6, the corrosion rate was initially significantly enhanced by the hydrogen ions (H⁺). The period of the enhancement depended on the buffering capacity. However, the corrosion rate was subsequently independent of the pH due to the neutralization of the solution in the vicinity of the steel surface.

通过电化学阻抗谱（EIS）和极化测量，研究了粒径，覆盖深度和pH等环境因素对填充3％NaCl溶液的硅砂中碳钢腐蚀行为的影响。

腐蚀速率最初随着钢表面附近氧浓度的降低而降低，这是由于腐蚀反应过程中溶解氧的消耗所致。腐蚀速度变得恒定在大约10 μ M Y ^-1而不管颗粒尺寸和覆盖厚度。在稳态下，似乎通过在钢表面形成氧化膜而抑制了阳极反应（铁溶解）和阴极反应（氧还原）。在填充了pH 3-6的非缓冲溶液和缓冲溶液的硅砂中，氢离子（H ⁺）。增强时间取决于缓冲能力。但是，由于钢表面附近溶液的中和作用，腐蚀速率随后与pH无关。