Helium atom scattering and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) are used to characterize the (3 × 1)-O reconstruction of the Nb(100) surface at elevated temperatures. Persistent helium diffraction peaks and specular lineshape analysis indicate that the oxide structure persists, apparently unchanged, until surface temperatures of at least 1130 K. In a complementary experiment, AES oxygen to niobium ratios for Nb(100) show little to no change when the surface temperature is varied from 300 K to 1150 K. These data inform future development of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities. In particular, these findings demonstrate the important role that persistent niobium oxides will play in the optimization of thin film growth strategies and coating procedures for Nb3Sn and other next–generation SRF superconducting alloy materials.

中文翻译：

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Nb(100) 表面氧化物重建在高温下的持久性

氦原子散射和俄歇电子能谱 (AES) 用于表征高温下 Nb(100) 表面的 (3 × 1)-O 重建。持久的氦衍射峰和镜面线形分析表明，氧化物结构持续存在，表面上没有明显变化，直到表面温度至少达到 1130 K。在补充实验中，当表面温度达到 100 时，Nb(100) 的 AES 氧铌比几乎没有变化。温度从 300 K 到 1150 K 不等。这些数据为超导射频 (SRF) 腔的未来发展提供了信息。特别是，这些发现证明了持久性铌氧化物在优化 Nb3Sn 和其他下一代 SRF 超导合金材料的薄膜生长策略和涂层程序方面将发挥重要作用。