The multidimensional sleep health framework emphasizes that sleep can be characterized across several domains, with implications for developing novel sleep treatments and improved prediction and health screening. However, empirical evidence regarding the domains and representative measures that exist in actigraphy assessed sleep is lacking. We aimed to establish these domains and representative measures in older adults by examining the factor structure of 28 actigraphy-derived sleep measures from 2,841 older men from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Sleep Study and, separately, from 2,719 older women from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. Measures included means and standard deviations of actigraphy summary measures and estimates from extended cosine models of the raw actigraphy data. Exploratory factor analyses revealed the same 5 factors in both sexes: Timing (e.g., mean midpoint from sleep onset to wake-up), Efficiency (e.g., mean sleep efficiency), Duration (e.g., mean minutes from sleep onset to wake-up), Sleepiness/Wakefulness (e.g., mean minutes napping, amplitude of rhythm), and Regularity (e.g., standard deviation of the midpoint). Within each sex, confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the one-factor structure of each factor and the entire five-factor structure (Comparative Fit Index and Tucker Lewis Index ≥ 0.95; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation 0.08-0.38). Correlation magnitudes among factors ranged from 0.01 to 0.34. These findings demonstrate the validity of conceptualizing actigraphy sleep as multidimensional, provide a framework for selecting sleep health domains and representative measures, and suggest targets for behavioral interventions. Similar analyses should be performed with additional measures of rhythmicity, other age ranges, and more racially/ethnically diverse samples.

中文翻译：

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老年男性和女性的多维睡眠健康领域：活动记录因素分析

多维睡眠健康框架强调睡眠可以在多个领域进行表征，这对开发新型睡眠治疗以及改进预测和健康筛查具有重要意义。然而，缺乏关于活动记录评估睡眠中存在的领域和代表性措施的经验证据。我们旨在通过检查来自男性睡眠研究中的骨质疏松性骨折研究的 2,841 名老年男性以及来自骨质疏松性骨折研究的 2,719 名老年女性的 28 项活动图衍生睡眠测量的因子结构，在老年人中建立这些领域和代表性测量。 . 测量包括活动记录汇总测量的平均值和标准偏差，以及原始活动记录数据的扩展余弦模型的估计值。探索性因素分析揭示了两性中相同的 5 个因素：时间（例如，从入睡到醒来的平均中点）、效率（例如，平均睡眠效率）、持续时间（例如，从入睡到醒来的平均分钟数） 、嗜睡/清醒（例如，平均午睡分钟数、节奏幅度）和规律性（例如，中点的标准差）。在每个性别中，验证性因素分析证实了每个因素的单因素结构和整个五因素结构（比较拟合指数和塔克刘易斯指数 ≥ 0.95；近似均方根误差 0.08-0.38）。因子之间的相关幅度在 0.01 到 0.34 之间。这些发现证明了将活动记录睡眠概念化为多维的有效性，为选择睡眠健康领域和代表性措施提供了框架，并建议行为干预的目标。应该对节律性、其他年龄范围和更多种族/民族多样化的样本进行类似的分析。