Pd crystals grown in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) on nanostructured SrTiO3(001) and anatase TiO2(001) thin film substrates were studied using scanning tunneling microscopy. The crystals have the equilibrium shape of a truncated octahedron with a {111} top facet, {111} and {001} side facets, and a {111} interface. A consistent crystal shape is reached only after annealing the samples in UHV at 450 °C or above. By measuring the top facet dimensions of the equilibrium crystals, we determine the ratio of the surface energies for Pd to be γ 111 / γ 001 = 0.77 ± 0.02.

中文翻译：

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Pd 晶体 {111}/{001} 表面能比的实验测定

使用扫描隧道显微镜研究了在超高真空 (UHV) 中生长在纳米结构 SrTiO3(001) 和锐钛矿 TiO2(001) 薄膜衬底上的 Pd 晶体。晶体具有具有{111}顶面、{111}和{001}侧面以及{111}界面的截头八面体的平衡形状。只有在 450 °C 或更高温度下在 UHV 中对样品进行退火后才能达到一致的晶体形状。通过测量平衡晶体的顶面尺寸，我们确定 Pd 的表面能比为 γ 111 / γ 001 = 0.77 ± 0.02。