Atmospheric deposition samples were collected over 15 mo at several locations near an operating smelter and an abandoned Pb smelter to investigate the contribution of Pb smelting to depositional fluxes and potential local air quality degradation. Samples were analyzed for As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn and subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Concentrations of Cd and Pb at both sites were greater than at the control site (p < .05), and significant correlations existed between Cd and Pb concentrations at both sites (p < .05). Monthly depositional flux variations at both sites were similar, with greater deposition during cold and dry periods. Heavy metal(loid)s deposition during these periods was correlated with wind speed. Greater Cd depositional flux differences were found between the smelter and control sites compared with other elements. The SEM images suggested that some particles at the operating smelter site were from Pb smelting material. However, most particles at both sites had no characteristics of smelting, suggesting reactions occurred between the smelter-emitted particles and soil components. The EDS results indicated that atmospheric deposition from both sites had lower Pb concentrations than smelting material or ash. The main atmospheric deposition source at the operating and abandoned sites was likely from the resuspension of heavy metal(loid)-enriched soil particles. Greater risk of air pollution from historical Pb smelting facilities exists years after closing down. Reducing soil wind erosional losses may help reduce heavy metal(loid)s dispersion across environments.

中文翻译：

---

砷、镉、铜、铅和锌在运营和废弃的铅冶炼厂附近的大气沉积

在超过 15 个月的时间里，在一个运营的冶炼厂和一个废弃的 Pb 冶炼厂附近的几个地点收集了大气沉积样品，以研究 Pb 冶炼对沉积通量和潜在的当地空气质量退化的贡献。对样品进行 As、Cd、Cu、Pb 和 Zn 分析，并对其进行扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)-能量色散光谱 (EDS)。两个站点的 Cd 和 Pb 浓度均高于对照站点 (p < .05)，并且两个站点的 Cd 和 Pb 浓度之间存在显着相关性 (p < .05)。两个地点的月沉积通量变化相似，在寒冷和干燥时期沉积更大。这些时期的重金属（样物质）沉积与风速相关。与其他元素相比，冶炼厂和控制地点之间的 Cd 沉积通量差异更大。SEM 图像表明，运营冶炼厂现场的一些颗粒来自 Pb 冶炼材料。然而，这两个地点的大多数颗粒都没有冶炼特征，这表明冶炼厂排放的颗粒与土壤成分之间发生了反应。EDS 结果表明，两个地点的大气沉积物的 Pb 浓度低于冶炼材料或灰烬。运营地点和废弃地点的主要大气沉降源可能来自富含重金属（类物质）的土壤颗粒的再悬浮。历史铅冶炼设施在关闭数年后仍存在更大的空气污染风险。